أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1098)
[Establish the religion and not be divided therein:-]
www.motaher21.net
Sura:42:Ash-Shura
Para:25
Ayat: –13-16
42:13
شَرَعَ لَکُمۡ مِّنَ الدِّیۡنِ مَا وَصّٰی بِہٖ نُوۡحًا وَّ الَّذِیۡۤ اَوۡحَیۡنَاۤ اِلَیۡکَ وَ مَا وَصَّیۡنَا بِہٖۤ اِبۡرٰہِیۡمَ وَ مُوۡسٰی وَ عِیۡسٰۤی اَنۡ اَقِیۡمُوا الدِّیۡنَ وَ لَا تَتَفَرَّقُوۡا فِیۡہِ ؕ کَبُرَ عَلَی الۡمُشۡرِکِیۡنَ مَا تَدۡعُوۡہُمۡ اِلَیۡہِ ؕ اَللّٰہُ یَجۡتَبِیۡۤ اِلَیۡہِ مَنۡ یَّشَآءُ وَ یَہۡدِیۡۤ اِلَیۡہِ مَنۡ یُّنِیۡبُ ﴿۱۳﴾
He has ordained for you of religion what He enjoined upon Noah and that which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what We enjoined upon Abraham and Moses and Jesus – to establish the religion and not be divided therein. Difficult for those who associate others with Allah is that to which you invite them. Allah chooses for Himself whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back [to Him].
The Religion of the Messengers is One
Allah says to this Ummah:
شَرَعَ لَكُم مِّنَ الدِّينِ مَا وَصَّى بِهِ نُوحًا وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ
He (Allah) has ordained for you the same religion which He ordained for Nuh, and that which We have revealed to you,
Allah mentions the first Messenger who was sent after Adam, that is, Nuh, peace be upon them, and the last of them is Muhammad.
وَمَا وَصَّيْنَا بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى
and that which We ordained for Ibrahim, Musa and Isa,
Then He mentions those who came in between them who were the Messengers of strong will, namely Ibrahim, Musa and Isa bin Maryam. This Ayah mentions all five, just as they are also mentioned in the Ayah in Surah Al-Ahzab, where Allah says:
وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّيْنَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَمِنْكَ وَمِن نُّوحٍ وَإِبْرَهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ
And (remember) when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from you, and from Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa, and Isa son of Maryam. (33:7)
The Message which all the Messengers brought was to worship Allah Alone, with no partner or associate, as Allah says:
وَمَأ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ نُوحِى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ أَنَاْ فَاعْبُدُونِ
And We did not send any Messenger before you but We revealed to him (saying):None has the right to be worshipped but I, so worship Me. (21:25).
And according to a Hadith (the Prophet said):
نَحْنُ مَعْشَرَ الاَْنْبِيَاءِ أَوْلَادُ عَلَّتٍ دِينُنَا وَاحِد
We Prophets are brothers and our religion is one.
In other words, the common bond between them is that Allah Alone is to be worshipped, with no partner or associate, even though their laws and ways may differ, as Allah says.
لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَـجاً
To each among you, We have prescribed a law and a clear way. (5:48)
Allah says here:
أَنْ أَقِيمُوا الدِّينَ وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُوا فِيهِ
saying you should establish religion and make no divisions in it.
meaning, Allah enjoined all the Prophets (peace and blessings of Allah be upon them all) to be as one and He forbade them to differ and be divided.
كَبُرَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ
Intolerable for the idolators is that to which you call them.
means, `it is too much for them to bear, and they hate that to which you call them, O Muhammad, i.e., Tawhid.’
اللَّهُ يَجْتَبِي إِلَيْهِ مَن يَشَاء وَيَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَن يُنِيبُ
Allah chooses for Himself whom He wills, and guides unto Himself who turns to Him in repentance.
means, He is the One Who decrees guidance for those who deserve it, and decrees misguidance for those who prefer it to the right path.
Allah says here
42:14
وَ مَا تَفَرَّقُوۡۤا اِلَّا مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَہُمُ الۡعِلۡمُ بَغۡیًۢا بَیۡنَہُمۡ ؕ وَ لَوۡ لَا کَلِمَۃٌ سَبَقَتۡ مِنۡ رَّبِّکَ اِلٰۤی اَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّی لَّقُضِیَ بَیۡنَہُمۡ ؕ وَ اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡرِثُوا الۡکِتٰبَ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِہِمۡ لَفِیۡ شَکٍّ مِّنۡہُ مُرِیۡبٍ ﴿۱۴﴾
And they did not become divided until after knowledge had come to them – out of jealous animosity between themselves. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord [postponing the penalty] until a specified time, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, those who were granted inheritance of the Scripture after them are, concerning it, in disquieting doubt.
وَمَا تَفَرَّقُوا إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءهُمُ الْعِلْمُ
And they divided not till after knowledge had come to them,
means, their opposition to the truth arose after it had come to them and proof had been established against them. Nothing made them resist in this manner except their transgression and stubbornness.
بَغْيًا بَيْنَهُمْ
وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى
And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord for an appointed term,
means, were it not for the fact that Allah had already decreed that He would delay the reckoning of His servants until the Day of Resurrection, the punishment would have been hastened for them in this world.
لَّقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ
the matter would have been settled between them.
وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُورِثُوا الْكِتَابَ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ
And verily, those who were made to inherit the Scripture after them,
means, the later generation which came after the earlier generation which had rejected the truth.
لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ
are in grave doubt concerning it.
means, they do not have any firm conviction in matters of religion; they merely imitate their forefathers, without any evidence or proof. So they are very confused and doubtful
42:15
فَلِذٰلِکَ فَادۡعُ ۚ وَ اسۡتَقِمۡ کَمَاۤ اُمِرۡتَ ۚ وَ لَا تَتَّبِعۡ اَہۡوَآءَہُمۡ ۚ وَ قُلۡ اٰمَنۡتُ بِمَاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰہُ مِنۡ کِتٰبٍ ۚ وَ اُمِرۡتُ لِاَعۡدِلَ بَیۡنَکُمۡ ؕ اَللّٰہُ رَبُّنَا وَ رَبُّکُمۡ ؕ لَنَاۤ اَعۡمَالُنَا وَ لَکُمۡ اَعۡمَالُکُمۡ ؕ لَا حُجَّۃَ بَیۡنَنَا وَ بَیۡنَکُمۡ ؕ اَللّٰہُ یَجۡمَعُ بَیۡنَنَا ۚ وَ اِلَیۡہِ الۡمَصِیۡرُ ﴿ؕ۱۵﴾
So to that [religion of Allah ] invite, [O Muhammad], and remain on a right course as you are commanded and do not follow their inclinations but say, “I have believed in what Allah has revealed of the Qur’an, and I have been commanded to do justice among you. Allah is our Lord and your Lord. For us are our deeds, and for you your deeds. There is no [need for] argument between us and you. Allah will bring us together, and to Him is the [final] destination.”
This Ayah includes ten separate and independent ideas, each of which is a ruling on its own.
They (the scholars) said that there is nothing else like it in the Qur’an, apart from Ayat Al-Kursi (2:255), which also includes ten ideas.
فَلِذَلِكَ فَادْعُ
So unto this then invite (people),
means, `so call people to this which We have revealed to you and which We enjoined upon all the Prophets before you,’ the Prophets of major ways (of Shariah) that were followed, such as the Messengers of strong will, and others.
وَاسْتَقِمْ كَمَا أُمِرْتَ
and stand firm as you are commanded,
means, `adhere firmly, you and those who follow you, to the worship of Allah as He has commanded you.’
وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءهُمْ
and follow not their desires,
means, the desires of the idolators, in the falsehoods that they have invented and fabricated by worshipping idols.
وَقُلْ امَنتُ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِن كِتَابٍ
but say:”I believe in whatsoever Allah has sent down of the Book…”
means, `I believe in all the Books that have been revealed from heaven to the Prophets; we do not differentiate between any of them.’
وَأُمِرْتُ لاِأَعْدِلَ بَيْنَكُمُ
and I am commanded to do justice among you.
means, when judging according to the commands of Allah.
اللَّهُ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمْ
Allah is our Lord and your Lord.
means, `He is the One Who is to be worshipped, and there is no true God but He. We affirm this willingly, and even though you do not do so willingly, everyone in the universe prostrates to Him obediently and willingly.’
لَنَا أَعْمَالُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَالُكُمْ
For us our deeds and for you your deeds.
means, `we have nothing to do with you.’
This is like the Ayah:
وَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل لِّى عَمَلِى وَلَكُمْ عَمَلُكُمْ أَنتُمْ بَرِييُونَ مِمَّأ أَعْمَلُ وَأَنَاْ بَرِىءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
And if they demy you, say:”For me are my deeds and for you are your deeds! You are innocent of what I do, and I am innocent of what you do!” (10:41)
لَاا حُجَّةَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ
There is no dispute between us and you.
Mujahid said, “This means, no argument.”
As-Suddi said,
“This was before Ayah of the sword was revealed.”
This fits the context, because this Ayah was revealed in Makkah, and Ayah of the sword (22:39-40) was revealed after the Hijrah.
اللَّهُ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا
Allah will assemble us (all), (means, on the Day of Resurrection).
This is like the Ayah:
قُلْ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا رَبُّنَا ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُ بَيْنَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَهُوَ الْفَتَّاحُ الْعَلِيمُ
Say:”Our Lord will assemble us all together, then He will judge between us with truth. And He is the Just Judge, the All-Knower of the true state of affairs.” (34:26).
وَإِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ
and to Him is the final return.
means, the final return on the Day of Reckoning
42:16
وَ الَّذِیۡنَ یُحَآجُّوۡنَ فِی اللّٰہِ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ مَا اسۡتُجِیۡبَ لَہٗ حُجَّتُہُمۡ دَاحِضَۃٌ عِنۡدَ رَبِّہِمۡ وَ عَلَیۡہِمۡ غَضَبٌ وَّ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ شَدِیۡدٌ ﴿۱۶﴾
And those who argue concerning Allah after He has been responded to – their argument is invalid with their Lord, and upon them is [His] wrath, and for them is a severe punishment.
A Warning to Those Who dispute concerning Matters of Religion
Here Allah warns those who try to hinder those who believe in Allah, from following His path.
وَالَّذِينَ يُحَاجُّونَ فِي اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ
And those who dispute concerning Allah, after it has been accepted,
means, those who dispute with the believers who have responded to Allah and His Messenger, and try to stop them from following the path of guidance.
حُجَّتُهُمْ دَاحِضَةٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ
no use is their dispute before their Lord,
means, it is futile before Allah.
وَعَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌ
and on them is wrath, (means, from Him).
وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ
and for them will be a severe torment.
means, on the Day of Resurrection.
Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and Mujahid said,
“They disputed with the believers after they responded to Allah and His Messenger, and tried to prevent them from following the path of guidance, hoping that they would return to Jahiliyyah.”
Qatadah said,
“These were the Jews and Christians who said to them, `Our religion is better than your religion, our Prophet came before your Prophet, and we are better than you and closer to Allah than you.”‘
This was nothing but lies.
Then Allah says
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