أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1104)
[Muslim social values]
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Sura:42:Ash-Shura
Para:25
Ayat: –29-36
أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1104)
[Muslim social values]
www.motaher21.net
Sura:42:Ash-Shura
Para:25
Ayat: –29-36
42:29
وَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِہٖ خَلۡقُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ وَ مَا بَثَّ فِیۡہِمَا مِنۡ دَآبَّۃٍ ؕ وَ ہُوَ عَلٰی جَمۡعِہِمۡ اِذَا یَشَآءُ قَدِیۡرٌ ﴿٪۲۹﴾
And of his signs is the creation of the heavens and earth and what He has dispersed throughout them of creatures. And He, for gathering them when He wills, is competent.
Among the Signs of Allah is the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth
Allah says,
وَمِنْ ايَاتِهِ
And among His Ayat,
means, the signs which point to His great might and power,
خَلْقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالاَْرْضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا
is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and whatever moving creatures He has dispersed in them both.
means, whatever He has created in them, i.e., in the heavens and the earth.
مِن دَابَّةٍ
and whatever moving creatures,
this includes the angels, men, Jinn and all the animals with their different shapes, colors, languages, natures, kinds and types. He has distributed them throughout the various regions of the heavens and earth.
وَهُوَ
And He,
means, yet despite all that,
عَلَى جَمْعِهِمْ إِذَا يَشَاء قَدِيرٌ
is Able to assemble them whenever He wills.
means, on the Day of Resurrection, He will gather the first and the last of them, and bring all His creatures together in one place where they will all hear the voice of the caller and all of them will be seen clearly; then He will judge between them with justice and truth.
The Cause of Misfortune is Sin
Allah says
42:30
وَ مَاۤ اَصَابَکُمۡ مِّنۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٍ فَبِمَا کَسَبَتۡ اَیۡدِیۡکُمۡ وَ یَعۡفُوۡا عَنۡ کَثِیۡرٍ ﴿ؕ۳۰﴾
And whatever strikes you of disaster – it is for what your hands have earned; but He pardons much.
وَمَا أَصَابَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ
And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned.
means, `whatever disasters happen to you, O mankind, are because of sins that you have committed in the past.’
وَيَعْفُو عَن كَثِيرٍ
And He pardons much.
means, of sins;
`He does not punish you for them, rather He forgives you.’
وَلَوْ يُوَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَابَّةٍ
And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth. (35:45)
According to a Sahih Hadith:
وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُوْمِنَ مِنْ نَصَبٍ وَلَاا وَصَبٍ وَلَاا هَمَ وَلَاا حَزَنٍ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ حَتْى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا
By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no believer is stricken with fatigue, exhaustion, worry or grief, but Allah will forgive him for some of his sins thereby — even a thorn which pricks him.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
“I heard the Messenger of Allah say:
مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُصِيبُ الْمُوْمِنَ فِي جَسَدِهِ يُوْذِيهِ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ بِهِ مِنْ سَيِّيَاتِه
No physical harm befalls a believer, but Allah will expiate for some of his sins because of it.”
Imam Ahmad also recorded that `A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said,
“The Messenger of Allah said:
إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُ الْعَبْدِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا ابْتَلَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِالْحَزَنِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا
If a person commits many sins and has nothing that will expiate for them, Allah will test him with some grief that will expiate for them.”
وَمَا أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِي الاَْرْضِ
وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ
42:31
وَ مَاۤ اَنۡتُمۡ بِمُعۡجِزِیۡنَ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ ۚۖ وَ مَا لَکُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰہِ مِنۡ وَّلِیٍّ وَّ لَا نَصِیۡرٍ ﴿۳۱﴾
And you will not cause failure [to Allah ] upon the earth. And you have not besides Allah any protector or helper.
And you cannot escape from Allah in the earth, and besides Allah you have neither any protector nor any helper
42:32
وَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِہِ الۡجَوَارِ فِی الۡبَحۡرِ کَالۡاَعۡلَامِ ﴿ؕ۳۲﴾
And of His signs are the ships in the sea, like mountains.
Ships are also among the Signs of Allah
Allah tells,
وَمِنْ ايَاتِهِ الْجَوَارِ فِي الْبَحْرِ كَالاَْعْلَمِ
And among His signs are the ships in the sea like mountains.
Allah tells us that another sign of His great power and dominion is the fact that He has subjugated the sea so that ships may sail in it by His command, so they sail in the sea like mountains.
This was the view of Mujahid, Al-Hasan, As-Suddi and Ad-Dahhak.
In other words, these ships on the sea are like mountains on land
42:33
اِنۡ یَّشَاۡ یُسۡکِنِ الرِّیۡحَ فَیَظۡلَلۡنَ رَوَاکِدَ عَلٰی ظَہۡرِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّکُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَکُوۡرٍ ﴿ۙ۳۳﴾
If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.
إِن يَشَأْ يُسْكِنِ الرِّيحَ
If He wills, He causes the wind to cease,
means, the winds that cause the ships to travel on the sea. If He willed, He could cause the winds to cease,
فَيَظْلَلْنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ
then they would become motionless on the surface (of the sea).
ie then the ships would not move and would remain still, neither coming nor going, staying where they are on the surface of the water.
إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَايَاتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ
Verily, in this are signs for everyone patient,
means, who is patient in the face of adversity
شَكُورٍ
and grateful.
means, in the fact that Allah has subjugated the sea and He sends as much wind as they need in order to travel, there are signs of His blessings to His creation for everyone who is patient, i.e., at times of difficulty, and grateful, i.e., at times of ease
42:34
اَوۡ یُوۡبِقۡہُنَّ بِمَا کَسَبُوۡا وَ یَعۡفُ عَنۡ کَثِیۡرٍ ﴿۫۳۴﴾
Or He could destroy them for what they earned; but He pardons much.
أَوْ يُوبِقْهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُوا
Or He may destroy them because of that which their (people) have earned.
means, if He wills, He may destroy the ships and drown them, because of the sins of the people on board.
وَيَعْفُ عَن كَثِيرٍ
And He pardons much.
means, of their sins;
if He were to punish them for all of their sins, He would destroy everyone who sails on the sea.
Some of the scholars interpreted the Ayah
أَوْ يُوبِقْهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُوا
(Or He may destroy them because of that which their (people) have earned).
as meaning, if He willed, He could send the wind to blow fiercely so that it would take the ships and divert them from their courses, driving them to the right or the left, so that they would be lost and would not be able to follow their intended path.
This interpretation also includes the idea of their being destroyed.
This also fits the first meaning, which is that if Allah willed, He could cause the wind to cease, in which case the ships would stop moving, or He could make the wind fierce, in which case the ships would be lost and destroyed. But by His grace and mercy, He sends the wind according to their needs, just as He sends rain that is sufficient. If He sent too much rain, it would destroy their houses, and if He sent too little, their crops and fruits would not grow.
In the case of lands such as Egypt, He sends water from another land, because they do not need rain; if rain were to fall upon them, it would destroy their houses and cause walls to collapse.
وَيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي ايَاتِنَا مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٍ
42:35
وَّ یَعۡلَمَ الَّذِیۡنَ یُجَادِلُوۡنَ فِیۡۤ اٰیٰتِنَا ؕ مَا لَہُمۡ مِّنۡ مَّحِیۡصٍ ﴿۳۵﴾
And [that is so] those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape.
And those who dispute as regards Our Ayat may know that there is no place of refuge for them.
means, they have no means of escape from Our torment and vengeance, for they are subdued by Our power
42:36
فَمَاۤ اُوۡتِیۡتُمۡ مِّنۡ شَیۡءٍ فَمَتَاعُ الۡحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنۡیَا ۚ وَ مَا عِنۡدَ اللّٰہِ خَیۡرٌ وَّ اَبۡقٰی لِلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ عَلٰی رَبِّہِمۡ یَتَوَکَّلُوۡنَ ﴿ۚ۳۶﴾
So whatever thing you have been given – it is but [for] enjoyment of the worldly life. But what is with Allah is better and more lasting for those who have believed and upon their Lord rely
The Attributes of Those Who deserve that which is with Allah
Here Allah points out the insignificance of this worldly life and its transient adornments and luxuries.
فَمَا أُوتِيتُم مِّن شَيْءٍ فَمَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا
So whatever you have been given is but (a passing) enjoyment for this worldly life.
means, no matter what you achieve and amass, do not be deceived by it, for it is only the enjoyment of this life, which is the lower, transient realm that will undoubtedly come to an end.
وَمَا عِندَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى
but that which is with Allah is better and more lasting,
means, the reward of Allah is better than this world, and it will last forever, so do not give preference to that which is transient over that which is lasting.
Allah says:
لِلَّذِينَ امَنُوا
for those who believe,
means, for those who are patient in forgoing the pleasures of this world,
وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ
and put their trust in their Lord.
means, so that He will help them to be patient in doing what is obligatory and avoiding what is forbidden.
Then Allah says
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42:29
وَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِہٖ خَلۡقُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ وَ مَا بَثَّ فِیۡہِمَا مِنۡ دَآبَّۃٍ ؕ وَ ہُوَ عَلٰی جَمۡعِہِمۡ اِذَا یَشَآءُ قَدِیۡرٌ ﴿٪۲۹﴾
And of his signs is the creation of the heavens and earth and what He has dispersed throughout them of creatures. And He, for gathering them when He wills, is competent.
Among the Signs of Allah is the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth
Allah says,
وَمِنْ ايَاتِهِ
And among His Ayat,
means, the signs which point to His great might and power,
خَلْقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالاَْرْضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا
is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and whatever moving creatures He has dispersed in them both.
means, whatever He has created in them, i.e., in the heavens and the earth.
مِن دَابَّةٍ
and whatever moving creatures,
this includes the angels, men, Jinn and all the animals with their different shapes, colors, languages, natures, kinds and types. He has distributed them throughout the various regions of the heavens and earth.
وَهُوَ
And He,
means, yet despite all that,
عَلَى جَمْعِهِمْ إِذَا يَشَاء قَدِيرٌ
is Able to assemble them whenever He wills.
means, on the Day of Resurrection, He will gather the first and the last of them, and bring all His creatures together in one place where they will all hear the voice of the caller and all of them will be seen clearly; then He will judge between them with justice and truth.
The Cause of Misfortune is Sin
Allah says
42:30
وَ مَاۤ اَصَابَکُمۡ مِّنۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٍ فَبِمَا کَسَبَتۡ اَیۡدِیۡکُمۡ وَ یَعۡفُوۡا عَنۡ کَثِیۡرٍ ﴿ؕ۳۰﴾
And whatever strikes you of disaster – it is for what your hands have earned; but He pardons much.
وَمَا أَصَابَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ
And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned.
means, `whatever disasters happen to you, O mankind, are because of sins that you have committed in the past.’
وَيَعْفُو عَن كَثِيرٍ
And He pardons much.
means, of sins;
`He does not punish you for them, rather He forgives you.’
وَلَوْ يُوَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَابَّةٍ
And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth. (35:45)
According to a Sahih Hadith:
وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُوْمِنَ مِنْ نَصَبٍ وَلَاا وَصَبٍ وَلَاا هَمَ وَلَاا حَزَنٍ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ حَتْى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا
By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no believer is stricken with fatigue, exhaustion, worry or grief, but Allah will forgive him for some of his sins thereby — even a thorn which pricks him.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
“I heard the Messenger of Allah say:
مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُصِيبُ الْمُوْمِنَ فِي جَسَدِهِ يُوْذِيهِ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ بِهِ مِنْ سَيِّيَاتِه
No physical harm befalls a believer, but Allah will expiate for some of his sins because of it.”
Imam Ahmad also recorded that `A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said,
“The Messenger of Allah said:
إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُ الْعَبْدِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا ابْتَلَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِالْحَزَنِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا
If a person commits many sins and has nothing that will expiate for them, Allah will test him with some grief that will expiate for them.”
وَمَا أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِي الاَْرْضِ
وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ
42:31
وَ مَاۤ اَنۡتُمۡ بِمُعۡجِزِیۡنَ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ ۚۖ وَ مَا لَکُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰہِ مِنۡ وَّلِیٍّ وَّ لَا نَصِیۡرٍ ﴿۳۱﴾
And you will not cause failure [to Allah ] upon the earth. And you have not besides Allah any protector or helper.
And you cannot escape from Allah in the earth, and besides Allah you have neither any protector nor any helper
42:32
وَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِہِ الۡجَوَارِ فِی الۡبَحۡرِ کَالۡاَعۡلَامِ ﴿ؕ۳۲﴾
And of His signs are the ships in the sea, like mountains.
Ships are also among the Signs of Allah
Allah tells,
وَمِنْ ايَاتِهِ الْجَوَارِ فِي الْبَحْرِ كَالاَْعْلَمِ
And among His signs are the ships in the sea like mountains.
Allah tells us that another sign of His great power and dominion is the fact that He has subjugated the sea so that ships may sail in it by His command, so they sail in the sea like mountains.
This was the view of Mujahid, Al-Hasan, As-Suddi and Ad-Dahhak.
In other words, these ships on the sea are like mountains on land
42:33
اِنۡ یَّشَاۡ یُسۡکِنِ الرِّیۡحَ فَیَظۡلَلۡنَ رَوَاکِدَ عَلٰی ظَہۡرِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّکُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَکُوۡرٍ ﴿ۙ۳۳﴾
If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.
إِن يَشَأْ يُسْكِنِ الرِّيحَ
If He wills, He causes the wind to cease,
means, the winds that cause the ships to travel on the sea. If He willed, He could cause the winds to cease,
فَيَظْلَلْنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ
then they would become motionless on the surface (of the sea).
ie then the ships would not move and would remain still, neither coming nor going, staying where they are on the surface of the water.
إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَايَاتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ
Verily, in this are signs for everyone patient,
means, who is patient in the face of adversity
شَكُورٍ
and grateful.
means, in the fact that Allah has subjugated the sea and He sends as much wind as they need in order to travel, there are signs of His blessings to His creation for everyone who is patient, i.e., at times of difficulty, and grateful, i.e., at times of ease
42:34
اَوۡ یُوۡبِقۡہُنَّ بِمَا کَسَبُوۡا وَ یَعۡفُ عَنۡ کَثِیۡرٍ ﴿۫۳۴﴾
Or He could destroy them for what they earned; but He pardons much.
أَوْ يُوبِقْهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُوا
Or He may destroy them because of that which their (people) have earned.
means, if He wills, He may destroy the ships and drown them, because of the sins of the people on board.
وَيَعْفُ عَن كَثِيرٍ
And He pardons much.
means, of their sins;
if He were to punish them for all of their sins, He would destroy everyone who sails on the sea.
Some of the scholars interpreted the Ayah
أَوْ يُوبِقْهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُوا
(Or He may destroy them because of that which their (people) have earned).
as meaning, if He willed, He could send the wind to blow fiercely so that it would take the ships and divert them from their courses, driving them to the right or the left, so that they would be lost and would not be able to follow their intended path.
This interpretation also includes the idea of their being destroyed.
This also fits the first meaning, which is that if Allah willed, He could cause the wind to cease, in which case the ships would stop moving, or He could make the wind fierce, in which case the ships would be lost and destroyed. But by His grace and mercy, He sends the wind according to their needs, just as He sends rain that is sufficient. If He sent too much rain, it would destroy their houses, and if He sent too little, their crops and fruits would not grow.
In the case of lands such as Egypt, He sends water from another land, because they do not need rain; if rain were to fall upon them, it would destroy their houses and cause walls to collapse.
وَيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي ايَاتِنَا مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٍ
42:35
وَّ یَعۡلَمَ الَّذِیۡنَ یُجَادِلُوۡنَ فِیۡۤ اٰیٰتِنَا ؕ مَا لَہُمۡ مِّنۡ مَّحِیۡصٍ ﴿۳۵﴾
And [that is so] those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape.
And those who dispute as regards Our Ayat may know that there is no place of refuge for them.
means, they have no means of escape from Our torment and vengeance, for they are subdued by Our power
42:36
فَمَاۤ اُوۡتِیۡتُمۡ مِّنۡ شَیۡءٍ فَمَتَاعُ الۡحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنۡیَا ۚ وَ مَا عِنۡدَ اللّٰہِ خَیۡرٌ وَّ اَبۡقٰی لِلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ عَلٰی رَبِّہِمۡ یَتَوَکَّلُوۡنَ ﴿ۚ۳۶﴾
So whatever thing you have been given – it is but [for] enjoyment of the worldly life. But what is with Allah is better and more lasting for those who have believed and upon their Lord rely
The Attributes of Those Who deserve that which is with Allah
Here Allah points out the insignificance of this worldly life and its transient adornments and luxuries.
فَمَا أُوتِيتُم مِّن شَيْءٍ فَمَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا
So whatever you have been given is but (a passing) enjoyment for this worldly life.
means, no matter what you achieve and amass, do not be deceived by it, for it is only the enjoyment of this life, which is the lower, transient realm that will undoubtedly come to an end.
وَمَا عِندَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى
but that which is with Allah is better and more lasting,
means, the reward of Allah is better than this world, and it will last forever, so do not give preference to that which is transient over that which is lasting.
Allah says:
لِلَّذِينَ امَنُوا
for those who believe,
means, for those who are patient in forgoing the pleasures of this world,
وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ
and put their trust in their Lord.
means, so that He will help them to be patient in doing what is obligatory and avoiding what is forbidden.
Then Allah says
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