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أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1146)
[ * Ar-Rahman revealed and taught the Qur’an :-
*He created man:-
*He taught him Al-Baya:-
* The sun and the moon [move] by precise calculation.:-
** And the stars and trees prostrate. :-
*Observe justice and fairness,:-
*So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?:-]
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Surah:55:Ar-Rahmaan.
Para:27
Ayat:- 1-13
55:1
اَلرَّحۡمٰنُ ۙ﴿۱﴾
The Most Merciful
Ar-Rahman revealed and taught the Qur’an
Allah informs of His favors and His mercy for His creatures, for He revealed the Qur’an to His servants, He made memorizing and understanding of it easy for those on whom He has bestowed His mercy,
الرَّحْمَنُ
عَلَّمَ الْقُرْانَ
55:2
عَلَّمَ الۡقُرۡاٰنَ ؕ﴿۲﴾
Taught the Qur’an,
خَلَقَ الاِْنسَانَ
55:3
خَلَقَ الۡاِنۡسَانَ ۙ﴿۳﴾
Created man,
عَلَّمَهُ الْبَيَانَ
55:4
عَلَّمَہُ الۡبَیَانَ ﴿۴﴾
[And] taught him eloquence.
Ar-Rahman!
He has taught the Qur’an.
He created man.
He taught him Al-Bayan.
Al-Hasan said:”Eloquent speech.”
This refers to Allah teaching the Qur’an, that is, teaching the servants how to recite it by making it easy for them to speak and pronounce letters with the various parts of the mouth, such as the alveolar bridge, the tongue and the lips
Among Allah’s Signs:the Sun, the Moon, the Sky and the Earth
Allah said,
الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ بِحُسْبَانٍ
55:5
اَلشَّمۡسُ وَ الۡقَمَرُ بِحُسۡبَانٍ ﴿۪۵﴾
The sun and the moon [move] by precise calculation,
The sun and the moon (run) on fixed courses.
They move in their orbit in perfect succession, according to precise calculation that is never delayed nor disturbed,
لَا الشَّمْسُ يَنبَغِى لَهَأ أَن تدْرِكَ القَمَرَ وَلَا الَّيْلُ سَابِقُ النَّهَارِ وَكُلٌّ فِى فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
It is not for the sun to overtake the moon, nor does the night outstrip the day. They all float, each in an orbit. (36:40),
فَالِقُ الاِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ الَّيْلَ سَكَناً وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ حُسْبَاناً ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ
(He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for calculating. Such is the measuring of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. (6:96),
Allah said,
وَالنَّجْمُ وَالشَّجَرُ يَسْجُدَانِ
55:6
وَّ النَّجۡمُ وَ الشَّجَرُ یَسۡجُدٰنِ ﴿۶﴾
And the stars and trees prostrate.
And the Najm and the trees prostrating.
Ibn Jarir commented,
“Scholars of Tafsir disagreed over the meaning of Allah’s statement, `And the Najm.’ They agreed, however, that the trees mentioned here are those that stand on trunks.”
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said,
“An-Najm refers to the plants that lay on the ground.”
Similar was said by Sa`id bin Jubayr, As-Suddi and Sufyan Ath-Thawri.
This is what Ibn Jarir preferred, may Allah have mercy upon him.
Mujahid said,
“An-Najm (the star); the one that is in the sky.”
Al-Hasan and Qatadah said similarly.
This is the saying that is the most obvious, and Allah knows best, for Allah the Exalted said,
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَسْجُدُ لَهُ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَالشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ وَالنُّجُومُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَالشَّجَرُ وَالدَّوَابُّ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنَ النَّاسِ
See you not that whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and the moving creatures, and many of mankind prostrate themselves to Allah. (22:18)
Allah’s statement,
وَالسَّمَاء رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ الْمِيزَانَ
55:7
وَ السَّمَآءَ رَفَعَہَا وَ وَضَعَ الۡمِیۡزَانَ ۙ﴿۷﴾
And the heaven He raised and imposed the balance
And the heaven He has raised high, and He has set up the balance.
meaning the justice,
as He said in another Ayah,
لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ وَأَنزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ
Indeed, We have sent Our Messengers with clear proofs, and sent down with them the Book and the balance that mankind may keep up equity. (57:25)
Allah said here,
أَلاَّ تَطْغَوْا فِي الْمِيزَانِ
55:8
اَلَّا تَطۡغَوۡا فِی الۡمِیۡزَانِ ﴿۸﴾
That you not transgress within the balance.
In order that you may not transgress the balance.
meaning, He created the heavens and earth in justice and truth so that everything is founded on, and observing, justice and truth.
Allah’s statement,
وَأَقِيمُوا الْوَزْنَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَلَاأ تُخْسِرُوا الْمِيزَانَ
55:9
وَ اَقِیۡمُوا الۡوَزۡنَ بِالۡقِسۡطِ وَ لَا تُخۡسِرُوا الۡمِیۡزَانَ ﴿۹﴾
And establish weight in justice and do not make deficient the balance.
And observe the weight with equity and do not make the balance deficient.
meaning, do not cheat in the weights and measures, but rather observe justice and fairness,
وَزِنُواْ بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ
And weigh with the true and straight balance. (26:182)
Allah said,
وَالاْاَرْضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلْاَنَامِ
55:10
وَ الۡاَرۡضَ وَضَعَہَا لِلۡاَنَامِ ﴿ۙ۱۰﴾
And the earth He laid [out] for the creatures.
And the earth He has put down (laid) for Al-Ana’m.
Allah raised the heavens and put down, or laid, the earth and balanced it with firm mountains, so that it would be stable for its residents that live on it, i.e. the various types and kinds of creatures, different in species, shape, color and language.
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said that Al-An’am means the creatures
55:11
فِیۡہَا فَاکِہَۃٌ ۪ۙ وَّ النَّخۡلُ ذَاتُ الۡاَکۡمَامِ ﴿ۖ۱۱﴾
Therein is fruit and palm trees having sheaths [of dates]
فِيهَا فَاكِهَةٌ
Therein are fruits, (of various colors, taste and scent),
وَالنَّخْلُ ذَاتُ الاْاَكْمَامِ
and date palms producing Akmam.
Allah mentioned the date tree here specifically because of its benefit, both fresh and dry.
Ibn Jurayj reported that Ibn Abbas said said Al-Akmam, means
“sheathed fruit stalks.”
Similar was said by more than one of the scholars of Tafsir, it refers to the stalks that the seeds grow in to become a cluster of dates, unripe green dates then they ripen and ripen more.
Allah said,
وَالْحَبُّ ذُو الْعَصْفِ وَالرَّيْحَانُ
55:12
وَ الۡحَبُّ ذُو الۡعَصۡفِ وَ الرَّیۡحَانُ ﴿ۚ۱۲﴾
And grain having husks and scented plants.
And also corn, with (its) `Asf, and Rayhan.
Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn Abbas said that in,
وَالْحَبُّ ذُو الْعَصْفِ
(And also corn, with (its) `Asf), `Asf means straw.”
Al-Awfi reported from Ibn Abbas,
“`Asf is green leaves cut from the stem, so it is called `Asf when it dries out.”
Similarly, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and Abu Malik said that `Asfmeans straw.
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and others said that Rayhan means leaves, while Al-Hasan said that it means sweet-scented plants.
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said that Rayhan means green leaves.
The meanings here, and Allah knows best, are the various crops that produce straw, such as wheat and barley, and Rayhan are the leaves that grow on the stems.
Mankind is surrounded by Allah’s Favors
Allah said,
فَبِأَيِّ الَاء رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
55:13
فَبِاَیِّ اٰلَآءِ رَبِّکُمَا تُکَذِّبٰنِ ﴿۱۳﴾
So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?
Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny?
meaning, “O mankind and Jinn, which of the favors that Allah has given to you do you deny”
Mujahid and others said this, and it is apparent when one reads what comes after it. Meaning the favors that are obvious to you while you are surrounded by them, you cannot deny or reject them. So we say, just as the believers among the Jinns said, “O Allah! None of Your favors do we deny. All praise is due to You.”
Ibn Abbas used to say, “Nay, our Lord!” meaning, “None of Your favors do we deny.
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