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أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1168/O Ye Who Believe:-89)
[ *All that occurs to Mankind is by Allah’s Permission:-
* Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger:-
*Upon Allah let the believers rely.:-
*Warning against the Fitnah of Spouses and Offspring:-
*So have Taqwa of Allah as much as you can:-]
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Surah:64: At-Taghaabun
Para:28
Ayat:- 11-18
64:11
مَاۤ اَصَابَ مِنۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٍ اِلَّا بِاِذۡنِ اللّٰہِ ؕ وَ مَنۡ یُّؤۡمِنۡۢ بِاللّٰہِ یَہۡدِ قَلۡبَہٗ ؕ وَ اللّٰہُ بِکُلِّ شَیۡءٍ عَلِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۱﴾
No disaster strikes except by permission of Allah . And whoever believes in Allah – He will guide his heart. And Allah is Knowing of all things.
All that occurs to Mankind is by Allah’s Permission
Allah informs us as He did in Surah Al-Hadid,
مَأ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلَا فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَأ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ
No calamity occurs on the earth or in yourselves but it is inscribed in a record before We bring it into existence. Verily, that is easy for Allah. (57:22)
Allah said here,
مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
No calamity occurs, but by the permission of Allah,
Ibn Abbas said;
“By the command of Allah,” meaning from His decree and will.
وَمَن يُوْمِن بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ
وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
and whosoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart. And Allah is the All-Knower of everything.
meaning, whoever suffered an affliction and he knew that it occurred by Allah’s judgement and decree, and he patiently abides, awaiting Allah’s reward, then Allah guides his heart, and will compensate him for his loss in this life by granting guidance to his heart and certainty in faith. Allah will replace whatever he lost for Him with the same or what is better.
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas,
وَمَن يُوْمِن بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ
(and whosoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart).
“Allah will guide his heart to certainty. Therefore, he will know that what reached him would not have missed him and what has missed him would not have reached him.”
There is an agreed upon Hadith that Al-Bukhari and Muslim collected and which states,
عَجَبًا لِلْمُوْمِنِ لَا يَقْضِي اللهُ لَهُ قَضَاءً إِلاَّ كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ شَكَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لاَِحَدٍ إِلاَّ لِلْمُوْمِن
Amazing is the believer:
There is no decree that Allah writes for him, but is better for him.
– If an affliction strikes him, he is patient and this is better for him.
– If a bounty is granted to him, he is thankful and this is better for him.
This trait is only for the faithful believer.
The Order to obey Allah and His Messenger
Allah said
64:12
وَ اَطِیۡعُوا اللّٰہَ وَ اَطِیۡعُوا الرَّسُوۡلَ ۚ فَاِنۡ تَوَلَّیۡتُمۡ فَاِنَّمَا عَلٰی رَسُوۡلِنَا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِیۡنُ ﴿۱۲﴾
And obey Allah and obey the Messenger; but if you turn away – then upon Our Messenger is only [the duty of] clear notification.
وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ
Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger;
Allah commands obedience to Him and to His Messenger in all that His legislates and in implementing His orders.
Allah also forbids one from all that His Messenger forbids and prohibits.
Allah the Exalted said,
فَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَى رَسُولِنَا الْبَلَإغُ الْمُبِينُ
but if you turn away, then the duty of Our Messenger is only to convey clearly.
meaning, `if you refrain from abiding by the faith, then the Messenger’s mission is to convey and your mission is to hear and obey.
Az-Zuhri said,
“From Allah comes the Message, its deliverance is up to the Messenger, and the adherence is up to us.”
Tawhid
Allah states that He is the One, Whom all creations need and seek, the One other than Whom there is no (true) God.
اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ
وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُوْمِنُونَ
64:13
اَللّٰہُ لَاۤ اِلٰہَ اِلَّا ہُوَ ؕ وَ عَلَی اللّٰہِ فَلۡیَتَوَکَّلِ الۡمُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ ﴿۱۳﴾
Allah – there is no deity except Him. And upon Allah let the believers rely.
Allah! La ilaha illa Huwa. And in Allah therefore let the believers put their trust.
So, He first informs about Tawhid and its meaning. The implied meaning is to single Him out for deification, being purely devoted to Him, and relying upon Him, as He said;
رَّبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ لَا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ فَاتَّخِذْهُ وَكِيلً
The Lord of the east and the west; La ilaha illa Huwa. So take Him alone as Trustee. (73:9)
64:14
یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِنَّ مِنۡ اَزۡوَاجِکُمۡ وَ اَوۡلَادِکُمۡ عَدُوًّا لَّکُمۡ فَاحۡذَرُوۡہُمۡ ۚ وَ اِنۡ تَعۡفُوۡا وَ تَصۡفَحُوۡا وَ تَغۡفِرُوۡا فَاِنَّ اللّٰہَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۴﴾
O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them. But if you pardon and overlook and forgive – then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
Warning against the Fitnah of Spouses and Offspring
Allah warns,
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ امَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَاادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَّكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ
O you who believe!
Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; therefore beware of them!
Allah states that some wives and children are enemies to their husbands and fathers, in that they might be busied with them rather than with performing the good deeds.
Allah said in another Ayah,
يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاأَ تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَلُكُمْ وَلاأَ أَوْلَـدُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَأُوْلَـيِكَ هُمُ الْخَـسِرُونَ
O you who believe!
Let not your properties or you children divert you from the remembrance of Allah. And whosoever does that then they are the losers. (63:9)
Allah the Exalted said here,
فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ
therefore, beware of them! (for your religion, according to Ibn Zayd).
Mujahid explained the Ayah,
إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَّكُمْ
(Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you); by saying,
“They might direct the man to sever his relation or disobey his Lord. The man, who loves his wives and children, might obey them in this case.”
Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn Abbas said to a man who asked him about this Ayah,
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ امَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَاادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَّكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ
(O you who believe! Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; therefore beware of them!)
“There were men who embraced Islam in Makkah and wanted to migrate to Allah’s Messenger. However, their wives and children refused to allow them. Later when they joined Allah’s Messenger, they found that those who were with him (the Companions) have gained knowledge in the religion, so they were about to punish their wives and children. Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah,
وَإِن تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا وَتَغْفِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
But if you pardon (them) and overlook, and forgive, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said that it is Hasan Sahih.
Allah’s statement,
إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ
64:15
اِنَّمَاۤ اَمۡوَالُکُمۡ وَ اَوۡلَادُکُمۡ فِتۡنَۃٌ ؕ وَ اللّٰہُ عِنۡدَہٗۤ اَجۡرٌ عَظِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۵﴾
Your wealth and your children are but a trial, and Allah has with Him a great reward.
Your wealth and your children are only a Fintah, whereas Allah! With Him is a great reward.
Allah said that the wealth and children are a test and trial from Allah the Exalted for His creatures, so that He knows those who obey Him and those who disobey Him.
Allah’s statement,
وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ
(whereas Allah! With Him),
meaning, on the Day of Resurrection,
أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ
(is a great reward).
As Allah said;
زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوَتِ مِنَ النِّسَأءِ وَالْبَنِينَ وَالْقَنَـطِيرِ الْمُقَنطَرَةِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَالَانْعَـمِ وَالْحَرْثِ ذَلِكَ مَتَـعُ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَأَبِ
Beautified for men is the love of things they covet; women children, Qanatir Al-Muqantarah of gold and silver, branded beautiful horses, cattle and well-tilled land. This is the pleasure of the present world’s life; but Allah has the excellent return with him. (3:14), and the Ayah after it.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Buraydah said,
“The Messenger of Allah was giving a speech and Al-Hasan and Husayn came in wearing red shirts, walking and tripping. The Messenger descended from the Minbar, held them and placed them in front of them and said,
صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ
نَظَرْتُ إِلَى هَذَيْنِ الصَّبِيَّيْنِ يَمْشِيَانِ وَيَعْثُرَانِ فَلَمْ أَصْبِرْ حَتْى قَطَعْتُ حَدِيثِي وَرَفَعْتُهُمَا
Allah and His Messenger said the truth,
`Verily, your wealth and your children are a Fitnah.’
I saw these two boys walking and tripping and could not be patient until I stopped my speech and picked them up.”
This was recorded by the Sunan compilers, and At-Tirmidhi said, “Hasan Gharib.”
The Order for Taqwa, as much as One is Capable
Allah said
64:16
فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰہَ مَا اسۡتَطَعۡتُمۡ وَ اسۡمَعُوۡا وَ اَطِیۡعُوۡا وَ اَنۡفِقُوۡا خَیۡرًا لِّاَنۡفُسِکُمۡ ؕ وَ مَنۡ یُّوۡقَ شُحَّ نَفۡسِہٖ فَاُولٰٓئِکَ ہُمُ الۡمُفۡلِحُوۡنَ ﴿۱۶﴾
So fear Allah as much as you are able and listen and obey and spend [in the way of Allah ]; it is better for your selves. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul – it is those who will be the successful.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
So have Taqwa of Allah as much as you can;
meaning, as much as you are able and can bear or endure.
The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,
إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ فَايْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَاجْتَنِبُوه
When I command you to do something, do as much as you can of it, and whatever I forbid for you, then avoid it.
Allah’s statement,
وَاسْمَعُوا وَأَطِيعُوا
listen and obey,
means, obey what Allah and His Messenger command you to do and do not stray from it to the right or left. Do not utter a statement or make a decision before Allah and His Messenger issue a statement or decision. Do not ignore what you were ordered to do, nor commit what you were forbidden from doing.
Encouraging Charity
Allah the Exalted said,
وَأَنفِقُوا خَيْرًا لاَِّنفُسِكُمْ
and spend in charity; that is better for yourselves.
meaning, give from what Allah has granted you to your relatives, the poor, the needy and the weak. Be kind to Allah’s creatures, just as Allah was and still is kind with you. This will be better for you in this life and the Hereafter. Otherwise, if you do not do it, it will be worse for you in this life and the Hereafter.
Allah said;
وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُوْلَيِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
And whosoever is saved from his own greed, then they are the successful ones.
This was explained with a similar Ayah in Surah Al-Hashr, where we also mentioned the relevant Hadiths. Therefore, we do not need to repeat them here, all praise and gratitude is due to Allah.
Allah the Exalted said
64:17
اِنۡ تُقۡرِضُوا اللّٰہَ قَرۡضًا حَسَنًا یُّضٰعِفۡہُ لَکُمۡ وَ یَغۡفِرۡ لَکُمۡ ؕ وَ اللّٰہُ شَکُوۡرٌ حَلِیۡمٌ ﴿ۙ۱۷﴾
If you loan Allah a goodly loan, He will multiply it for you and forgive you. And Allah is Most Appreciative and Forbearing.
إِن تُقْرِضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَاعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ
If you lend to Allah a handsome loan, He will double it for you, and will forgive you.
meaning, whatever you spend, then Allah will replace it, and on Him will be the reward of whatever you give away in charity.
Allah considered giving charity as if it is a loan to Him, just as Allah said in a Qudsi Hadith,
مَنْ يُقْرِضُ غَيْرَ ظَلُومٍ وَلَا عَدِيم
“Who will give a loan to He Who is neither unjust nor poor”
This is why Allah the Exalted said in Surah Al-Baqarah,
فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً
So that He may multiply it to him many times. (2:245)
Allah said;
وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ
and will forgive you.
meaning, He will erase your mistakes,
وَاللَّهُ شَكُورٌ
And Allah is Shakur,
meaning, He gives abundantly in return for what was little,
حَلِيمٌ
Halim,
means, He forgives, pardons, covers and absolves the sins, mistakes, errors and shortcomings,
عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
64:18
عٰلِمُ الۡغَیۡبِ وَ الشَّہَادَۃِ الۡعَزِیۡزُ الۡحَکِیۡمُ ﴿٪۱۸﴾
Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
All-Knower of the unseen and seen, the Almighty, the All-Wise.
Its explanation has already preceded several times.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah At-Taghabun, all the praise and appreciation is due to Allah
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