أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1086)
[Universal fighting of truth and wrong doer’s:-]
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Sura:40:Al-Ghaafir
Para:24
Ayat: –1-17
40:1
حٰمٓ ۚ﴿۱﴾
Ha, Meem.
Allah says,
حم
Ha Mim,
We have already discussed the individual letters at the beginning of Surah Al-Baqarah, and there is no need to repeat the discussion here.
In a Hadith recorded by Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi from one who heard it from the Messenger of Allah, it says:
إِنْ بُيِّتُّمُ اللَّيْلَةَ فَقُولُوا حم لَا يُنْصَرُون
When you go to bed tonight, recite Ha Mim, La Yunsarun.”
Its chain of narrators is Sahih.
Allah says,
تَنزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ
40:2
تَنۡزِیۡلُ الۡکِتٰبِ مِنَ اللّٰہِ الۡعَزِیۡزِ الۡعَلِیۡمِ ۙ﴿۲﴾
The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.
The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Knower.
means, this book — the Qur’an — is from Allah, the Owner of might and knowledge, Who cannot be overtaken and from Whom nothing is hidden, not even an ant concealed beneath many layers
40:3
غَافِرِ الذَّنۡۢبِ وَ قَابِلِ التَّوۡبِ شَدِیۡدِ الۡعِقَابِ ۙ ذِی الطَّوۡلِ ؕ لَاۤ اِلٰہَ اِلَّا ہُوَ ؕ اِلَیۡہِ الۡمَصِیۡرُ ﴿۳﴾
The forgiver of sin, acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment, owner of abundance. There is no deity except Him; to Him is the destination.
غَافِرِ الذَّنبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ
The Forgiver of sin, the Acceptor of repentance,
means, He forgives sins that have been committed in the past, and He accepts repentance for sins that may be committed in the future, from the one who repents and submits to Him.
شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ
the Severe in punishment,
means, to the one who persists in transgression and prefers the life of this world, who stubbornly turns away from the commands of Allah and commits sin.
This is like the Ayah:
نَبِّىءْ عِبَادِى أَنِّى أَنَا الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
وَأَنَّ عَذَابِى هُوَ الْعَذَابُ الاٌّلِيمُ
Declare unto My servants that truly I am the Oft-Forgiving, the Most-Merciful. And that My torment is indeed the most painful torment. (15:49-50)
These two attributes (mercy and punishment) are often mentioned together in the Qur’an, so that people will remain in a state of both hope and fear.
ذِي الطَّوْلِ
the Bestower.
Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
“This means He is Generous and Rich (Independent of means).”
The meaning is that He is Most Generous to His servants, granting ongoing blessings for which they can never sufficiently thank Him.
وَإِن تَعُدُّواْ نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ لَا تُحْصُوهَا
And if you would count the favors of Allah, never could you be able to count them… (16:18)
لَاا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ
La ilaha illa Huwa,
means, there is none that is equal to Him in all His attributes; there is no God or Lord besides Him.
إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ
to Him is the final return.
means, all things will come back to Him and He will reward or punish each person according to his deeds.
وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
and He is Swift at reckoning. (13:41)
40:4
مَا یُجَادِلُ فِیۡۤ اٰیٰتِ اللّٰہِ اِلَّا الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا فَلَا یَغۡرُرۡکَ تَقَلُّبُہُمۡ فِی الۡبِلَادِ ﴿۴﴾
No one disputes concerning the signs of Allah except those who disbelieve, so be not deceived by their [uninhibited] movement throughout the land.
Allah says,
مَا يُجَادِلُ فِي ايَاتِ اللَّهِ
None disputes in the Ayat of Allah,
One of the Attributes of the Disbelievers is That they dispute the Ayat of Allah — and The Consequences of that Allah tells us that no one rejects or disputes His signs after clear proof has come,
إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
but those who disbelieve,
i.e., those who reject the signs of Allah and His proof and evidence.
فَلَ يَغْرُرْكَ تَقَلُّبُهُمْ فِي الْبِلَدِ
So let not their ability of going about here and there through the land deceive you!
means, their wealth and luxurious life.
This is like the Ayah:
لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ تَقَلُّبُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِى الْبِلَـدِ
مَتَـعٌ قَلِيلٌ ثُمَّ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَبِيْسَ الْمِهَادُ
Let not the free disposal (and affluence) of the disbelievers throughout the land deceive you. A brief enjoyment; then, their ultimate abode is Hell; and worst indeed is that place for rest. (3:196-197)
نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ
We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment. (31:24)
Then Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad for the rejection of his people. He tells him that he has an example in the Prophets who came before him, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them all, for their nations disbelieved them and opposed them, and only a few believed in them
40:5
کَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَہُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوۡحٍ وَّ الۡاَحۡزَابُ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِہِمۡ ۪ وَ ہَمَّتۡ کُلُّ اُمَّۃٍۭ بِرَسُوۡلِہِمۡ لِیَاۡخُذُوۡہُ وَ جٰدَلُوۡا بِالۡبَاطِلِ لِیُدۡحِضُوۡا بِہِ الۡحَقَّ فَاَخَذۡتُہُمۡ ۟ فَکَیۡفَ کَانَ عِقَابِ ﴿۵﴾
The people of Noah denied before them and the [disbelieving] factions after them, and every nation intended [a plot] for their messenger to seize him, and they disputed by [using] falsehood to [attempt to] invalidate thereby the truth. So I seized them, and how [terrible] was My penalty.
كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ
The people of Nuh denied before these;
Nuh was the first Messenger whom Allah sent to denounce and forbid idol worship.
وَالاْاَحْزَابُ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ
and the groups after them, (means, from every nation).
وَهَمَّتْ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ
and every (disbelieving) nation plotted against their Messenger to seize him,
means, they wanted to kill him by any means possible, and some of them did kill their Messenger.
وَجَادَلُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ
and disputed by means of falsehood to refute therewith the truth.
means, they came up with specious arguments with which to dispute the truth which was so plain and clear.
فَأَخَذْتُهُمْ
So I seized them,
means, `I destroyed them, because of the sins they committed.’
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ
and how was My punishment!
means, `how have you heard that My punishment and vengeance was so severe and painful.’
Qatadah said,
“It was terrible, by Allah.”
وَكَذَلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ
40:6
وَ کَذٰلِکَ حَقَّتۡ کَلِمَتُ رَبِّکَ عَلَی الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡۤا اَنَّہُمۡ اَصۡحٰبُ النَّارِ ۘ﴿ؔ۶﴾
And thus has the word of your Lord come into effect upon those who disbelieved that they are companions of the Fire.
Thus has the Word of your Lord been justified against those who disbelieved, that they will be the dwellers of the Fire.
means, `just as the Word of punishment was justified against those of the past nations who disbelieved, so too is it justified against these disbelievers who have rejected you and gone against you, O Muhammad, and it is even more justified against them, because if they have disbelieved in you, there is no certainty that they will believe in any other Prophet.’
And Allah knows best
40:7
اَلَّذِیۡنَ یَحۡمِلُوۡنَ الۡعَرۡشَ وَ مَنۡ حَوۡلَہٗ یُسَبِّحُوۡنَ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّہِمۡ وَ یُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِہٖ وَ یَسۡتَغۡفِرُوۡنَ لِلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا ۚ رَبَّنَا وَسِعۡتَ کُلَّ شَیۡءٍ رَّحۡمَۃً وَّ عِلۡمًا فَاغۡفِرۡ لِلَّذِیۡنَ تَابُوۡا وَ اتَّبَعُوۡا سَبِیۡلَکَ وَ قِہِمۡ عَذَابَ الۡجَحِیۡمِ ﴿۷﴾
Those [angels] who carry the Throne and those around it exalt [ Allah ] with praise of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who have believed, [saying], “Our Lord, You have encompassed all things in mercy and knowledge, so forgive those who have repented and followed Your way and protect them from the punishment of Hellfire.
The Bearers of the Throne praise Allah and pray for forgiveness for the Believers
Allah tells us that;
الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ
Those (angels) who bear the Throne (of Allah) and those around it glorify the praises of their Lord,
Allah tells us that the angels who are close to Him, the bearers of the Throne, and the angels who are around Him — all glorify the praises of their Lord. They combine glorification (Tasbih) which implies that He is free of any shortcomings, with praise (Tahmid) which is an affirmation of praise.
وَيُوْمِنُونَ بِهِ
and believe in Him,
means, they humbly submit themselves before Him.
وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ امَنُوا
and ask forgiveness for those who believe,
means, for those among the people of earth who believe in the Unseen. Allah commanded that His angels who are close to Him should pray for the believers in their absence, so it is a part of the angels’ nature that they say Amin when a believer prays for his brother in his absence.
In Sahih Muslim it says:
إِذَا دَعَا الْمُسْلِمُ لاَِخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ قَالَ الْمَلَكُ امِينَ وَلَكَ بِمِثْلِه
When a Muslim prays for his brother in his absence, the angel says, `Amin, and may you have something similar to it’.
Shahr bin Hawshab said,
“The bearers of the Throne are eight; four of them say,
`Glory and praise be to You, O Allah, to You be praise for Your forbearance after Your knowledge. ‘
Four of them say,
`Glory and praise be to You, O Allah, to You be praise for Your forgiveness after Your power.’
When they pray for forgiveness for those who believe, they say:
رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَّحْمَةً وَعِلْمًا
Our Lord! You comprehend all things in mercy and knowledge,
meaning, `Your mercy encompasses their sins and Your knowledge encompasses all their deeds, words and action.’
فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ
so forgive those who repent and follow Your way.”
That is, `forgive the sinners when they repent to You and turn to You and give up their former ways, following Your commands to do good and abstain from evil.’
وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ
and save them from the torment of the blazing Fire!
means, `snatch them away from the punishment of Hell, which is a painful, agonizing punishment.
40:8
رَبَّنَا وَ اَدۡخِلۡہُمۡ جَنّٰتِ عَدۡنِۣ الَّتِیۡ وَعَدۡتَّہُمۡ وَ مَنۡ صَلَحَ مِنۡ اٰبَآئِہِمۡ وَ اَزۡوَاجِہِمۡ وَ ذُرِّیّٰتِہِمۡ ؕ اِنَّکَ اَنۡتَ الۡعَزِیۡزُ الۡحَکِیۡمُ ۙ﴿۸﴾
Our Lord, and admit them to gardens of perpetual residence which You have promised them and whoever was righteous among their fathers, their spouses and their offspring. Indeed, it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
رَبَّنَا وَأَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدتَّهُم وَمَن صَلَحَ مِنْ ابَايِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ
Our Lord! And make them enter the `Adn (Eternal) Gardens which you have promised them — and to the righteous among their fathers, their wives, and their offspring!
meaning, `bring them together so that they may find delight in one another in neighboring dwellings.’
This is like the Ayah:
وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَاتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُم بِإِيمَـنٍ أَلْحَقْنَا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَمَأ أَلَتْنَـهُمْ مِّنْ عَمَلِهِم مِّن شَىْءٍ
And those who believe and whose offspring follow them in faith, — to them shall We join their offspring, and We shall not decrease the reward of their deeds in anything. (52:21)
This means, `that all of them will be made equal in status. In this way they may delight in one another’s company; the one who is in the higher status will not lose anything. On the contrary We will raise the one whose deeds are of a lower status so that they will become equal, as a favor and a blessing from Us.’
Sa`id bin Jubayr said that;
when the believer enters Paradise, he will ask where his father, son and brother are. It will be said to him, `they did not reach the same level of good deeds as you did’.
He will say, `but I did it for my sake and for theirs.’
Then they will be brought to join him in that higher degree.
Then Sa`id bin Jubayr recited this Ayah:
رَبَّنَا وَأَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدتَّهُم وَمَن صَلَحَ مِنْ ابَايِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ
إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
Our Lord! And make them enter the `Adn (Eternal) Gardens which you have promised them — and to the righteous among their fathers, their wives, and their offspring! Verily, You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.
Mutarrif bin Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir said,
“The most sincere of the servants of Allah towards the believers are the angels.”
Then he recited this Ayah:
رَبَّنَا وَأَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدتَّهُم
(Our Lord! And make them enter the `Adn (Eternal) Paradises which you have promised them…)
He then said,
“The most treacherous of the servants of Allah towards the believers are the Shayatin.”
إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.
means, `the One Whom none can resist or overwhelm; what You will happens and what You do not will does not happen; You are Wise in all that You say and do, in all that You legislate and decree.
40:9
وَ قِہِمُ السَّیِّاٰتِ ؕ وَ مَنۡ تَقِ السَّیِّاٰتِ یَوۡمَئِذٍ فَقَدۡ رَحِمۡتَہٗ ؕ وَ ذٰلِکَ ہُوَ الۡفَوۡزُ الۡعَظِیۡمُ ٪﴿۹﴾
And protect them from the evil consequences [of their deeds]. And he whom You protect from evil consequences that Day – You will have given him mercy. And that is the great attainment.”
وَقِهِمُ السَّيِّيَاتِ
And save them from the sins,
means, the actions and the consequences.
وَمَن تَقِ السَّيِّيَاتِ يَوْمَيِذٍ
and whomsoever You save from the sins that Day,
means, the Day of Resurrection,
فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ
him verily, You have taken into mercy.
means, `You have protected him and saved him from punishment.’
وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
And that is the supreme success.
40:10
اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا یُنَادَوۡنَ لَمَقۡتُ اللّٰہِ اَکۡبَرُ مِنۡ مَّقۡتِکُمۡ اَنۡفُسَکُمۡ اِذۡ تُدۡعَوۡنَ اِلَی الۡاِیۡمَانِ فَتَکۡفُرُوۡنَ ﴿۱۰﴾
Indeed, those who disbelieve will be addressed, “The hatred of Allah for you was [even] greater than your hatred of yourselves [this Day in Hell] when you were invited to faith, but you refused.”
The Regret of the Disbelievers after They enter Hell
Allah tells;
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنَادَوْنَ
Those who disbelieve will be addressed:
Allah tells us that the disbelievers will feel regret on the Day of Resurrection, when they enter Hell and sink in the agonizing depth of fire. When they actually experience the unbearable punishment of Allah, they will hate themselves with the utmost hatred, because of the sins they committed in the past, which were the cause of their entering the Fire. At that point the angels will tell them in a loud voice that Allah’s hatred towards them in this world, when Faith was offered to them and they rejected it, is greater than their hatred towards themselves in this situation.
Qatadah said, concerning the Ayah:
لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ مِن مَّقْتِكُمْ أَنفُسَكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الاِْيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ
Indeed, Allah’s aversion was greater towards you than your aversion toward yourselves, when you were called to the Faith but you used to refuse.
“Allah’s hatred for the people of misguidance — when Faith is presented to them in this world, and they turn away from it and refuse to accept it — is greater than their hatred for themselves when they see the punishment of Allah with their own eyes on the Day of Resurrection.”
This was also the view of Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Mujahid, As-Suddi, Dharr bin Ubaydullah Al-Hamdani, Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and Ibn Jarir At-Tabari, may Allah have mercy on them all
40:11
قَالُوۡا رَبَّنَاۤ اَمَتَّنَا اثۡنَتَیۡنِ وَ اَحۡیَیۡتَنَا اثۡنَتَیۡنِ فَاعۡتَرَفۡنَا بِذُنُوۡبِنَا فَہَلۡ اِلٰی خُرُوۡجٍ مِّنۡ سَبِیۡلٍ ﴿۱۱﴾
They will say, “Our Lord, You made us lifeless twice and gave us life twice, and we have confessed our sins. So is there to an exit any way?”
قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ
فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَى خُرُوجٍ مِّن سَبِيلٍ
They will say:”Our Lord! You have made us to die twice, and You have given us life twice!…”
Ath-Thawri narrated from Abu Ishaq from Abu Al-Ahwas from Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him:
“This Ayah is like the Ayah:
كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَكُنتُمْ أَمْوَتًا فَأَحْيَـكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ
How can you disbelieve in Allah Seeing that you were dead and He gave you life. Then He will give you death, then again will bring you to life and then unto Him you will return. “(2:28)
This was also the view of Ibn Abbas, Ad-Dahhak, Qatadah and Abu Malik.
This is undoubtedly the correct view. What is meant by all of this is that when they are standing before Allah in the arena of Resurrection, the disbelievers will ask to go back, as Allah says:
وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذِ الْمُجْرِمُونَ نَاكِسُواْ رُءُوسِهِمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ رَبَّنَأ أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا فَارْجِعْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَـلِحاً إِنَّا مُوقِنُونَ
And if you only could see when the criminals shall hang their heads before their Lord (saying):
“Our Lord! We have now seen and heard, so send us back, that we will do righteous good deeds. Verily, we now believe with certainty.” (32:12)
However, they will get no response. Then when they see the Fire and they are held over it and they look at the punishments therein, they will ask even more fervently than before to go back, but they will get no response.
Allah says:
وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذْ وُقِفُواْ عَلَى النَّارِ فَقَالُواْ يلَيْتَنَا نُرَدُّ وَلَا نُكَذِّبَ بِـَايَـتِ رَبِّنَا وَنَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُوْمِنِينَ
بَلْ بَدَا لَهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يُخْفُونَ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَوْ رُدُّواْ لَعَـدُواْ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنْهُ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَـذِبُونَ
If you could but see when they will be held over the (Hell) Fire! They will say:”Would that we were but sent back (to the world)! Then we would not deny the Ayat of our Lord, and we would be of the believers!”
Nay, it has become manifest to them what they had been concealing before. But if they were returned, they would certainly revert to that which they were forbidden. And indeed they are liars. (6:27-28)
When they actually enter Hell and have a taste of its heat, hooked rods of iron and chains, their plea to go back will be at its most desperate and fervent:
وَهُمْ يَصْطَرِخُونَ فِيهَا رَبَّنَأ أَخْرِجْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَـلِحاً غَيْرَ الَّذِى كُـنَّا نَعْمَلُ أَوَلَمْ نُعَمِّرْكُمْ مَّا يَتَذَكَّرُ فِيهِ مَن تَذَكَّرَ وَجَأءَكُمُ النَّذِيرُ فَذُوقُواْ فَمَا لِلظَّـلِمِينَ مِن نَّصِيرٍ
Therein they will cry:”Our Lord! Bring us out, we shall do righteous good deeds, not that we used do.”
(Allah will reply):”Did We not give you lives long enough, so that whosoever would receive admonition could receive it, and the warner came to you. So taste you. For the wrongdoers there is no helper.” (35:37)
رَبَّنَأ أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْهَا فَإِنْ عُدْنَا فَإِنَّا ظَـلِمُونَ
قَالَ اخْسَيُواْ فِيهَا وَلَا تُكَلِّمُونِ
Our Lord! Bring us out of this. If ever we return (to evil), then indeed we shall be wrongdoers.”
He (Allah) will say:”Remain you in it with ignominy! And speak you not to Me! (23:108)
According to this Ayah, they will speak more eloquently, and they will introduce their plea with the words:
رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ
(Our Lord! You have made us to die twice, and You have given us life twice!)
meaning, `by Your almighty power, You have brought us to life after we were dead, then You caused us to die after we were alive; You are able to do whatever You will.
فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا
(Now we confess our sins), i.e. We confess our sins and admit that we wronged ourselves in the world,’
فَهَلْ إِلَى خُرُوجٍ مِّن سَبِيلٍ
then is there any way to get out?
means, `will You answer our prayer to send us back to the world, for You are able to do that, so that we might do deeds different from those which we used to do. Then if we go back to our former ways, we will indeed be wrongdoers.’
The response will be:`There is no way for you to go back to the world.’ Then the reason for that will be given:`Your nature will not accept the truth and be governed by it, you would reject it and ignore it.’
Allah says
40:12
ذٰلِکُمۡ بِاَنَّہٗۤ اِذَا دُعِیَ اللّٰہُ وَحۡدَہٗ کَفَرۡتُمۡ ۚ وَ اِنۡ یُّشۡرَکۡ بِہٖ تُؤۡمِنُوۡا ؕ فَالۡحُکۡمُ لِلّٰہِ الۡعَلِیِّ الۡکَبِیۡرِ ﴿۱۲﴾
[They will be told], “That is because, when Allah was called upon alone, you disbelieved; but if others were associated with Him, you believed. So the judgement is with Allah, the Most High, the Grand.”
ذَلِكُم بِأَنَّهُ إِذَا دُعِيَ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ كَفَرْتُمْ وَإِن يُشْرَكْ بِهِ تُوْمِنُوا
(It will be said):”This is because, when Allah Alone was invoked (in worship), you disbelieved; but when partners were joined to Him, you believed!”
meaning, `if you were to go back, this is how you would be.’
This is like the Ayah:
وَلَوْ رُدُّواْ لَعَـدُواْ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنْهُ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَـذِبُونَ
But if they were returned (to the world), they would certainly revert to that when they were forbidden. And indeed they are liars. (6:28)
فَالْحُكْمُ لِلَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْكَبِيرِ
So the judgement is only with Allah, the Most High, the Most Great!
means, He is the Judge of His creation, the Just Who is never unjust. He guides whomsoever He wills and sends astray whomsoever He wills; He has mercy on whomsoever He wills and punishes whomsoever He wills; there is no God except Him
40:13
ہُوَ الَّذِیۡ یُرِیۡکُمۡ اٰیٰتِہٖ وَ یُنَزِّلُ لَکُمۡ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ رِزۡقًا ؕ وَ مَا یَتَذَکَّرُ اِلَّا مَنۡ یُّنِیۡبُ ﴿۱۳﴾
It is He who shows you His signs and sends down to you from the sky, provision. But none will remember except he who turns back [in repentance].
هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمْ ايَاتِهِ
It is He Who shows you His Ayat,
means, He demonstrates His power to His servants through the mighty signs which they see in His creation, above and below, which indicate the perfection of its Creator and Originator.
وَيُنَزِّلُ لَكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاء رِزْقًا
and sends down provision for you from the sky.
this refers to rain, through which crops and fruits are brought forth, which with their different colors, tastes, fragrances and forms are a sign of the Creator. It is one kind of water, but by His great power He makes all these things different.
وَمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ
And none remembers,
means, no one learns a lesson or is reminded by these things, or takes them as a sign of the might of the Creator,
إِلاَّ مَن يُنِيبُ
but those who turn in repentance.
which means, those who have insight and turn to Allah, may He be blessed and exalted.
The Believers are commanded to worship Allah Alone no matter what Their Circumstances
Allah says;
فَادْعُوا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ
40:14
فَادۡعُوا اللّٰہَ مُخۡلِصِیۡنَ لَہُ الدِّیۡنَ وَ لَوۡ کَرِہَ الۡکٰفِرُوۡنَ ﴿۱۴﴾
So invoke Allah, [being] sincere to Him in religion, although the disbelievers dislike it.
So, call you upon Allah making religion sincerely for Him, however much the disbelievers may hate.
This means, worship Allah and call upon Him alone in all sincerity. Do not be like the idolators in conduct and beliefs.
Imam Ahmad recorded that after ending every prayer, Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr used to say:
“There is no (true) God except Allah Alone with no partner or associate, His is the dominion and praise, for He is able to do all things; there is no strength and no power except with Allah; there is no (true) God except Allah and we worship none but Him; to Him belongs the blessings and the virtue and good praise; there is no (true) God except Allah, we worship Him in all sincerity even though the disbelievers may hate that.”
He said,
“The Messenger of Allah used to say Tahlil with this after every prayer.”
Something similar was also recorded by Muslim, Abu Dawud and An-Nasa’i.
It was reported in Sahih from Ibn Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah used to say the following after the prescribed (obligatory) prayers:
لَاا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَاا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ لَاا حَوْلَ وَلَاا قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللهِ
لَاا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَلَاا نَعْبُدُ إِلاَّ إِيَّاهُ لَهُ النِّعْمَةُ وَلَهُ الْفَضْلُ وَلَهُ الثَّــنَاءُ الْحَسَنُ
لَاا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُون
There is no (true) God except Allah Alone with no partner or associate, His is the dominion and praise, for He is able to do all things; there is no strength and no power except with Allah;
there is no (true) God except Allah and we worship none but Him; His is the blessing and virtue and good praise;
there is no (true) God except Allah, we worship Him in all sincerity even though the disbelievers hate that.
40:15
رَفِیۡعُ الدَّرَجٰتِ ذُو الۡعَرۡشِ ۚ یُلۡقِی الرُّوۡحَ مِنۡ اَمۡرِہٖ عَلٰی مَنۡ یَّشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِہٖ لِیُنۡذِرَ یَوۡمَ التَّلَاقِ ﴿ۙ۱۵﴾
[He is] the Exalted above [all] degrees, Owner of the Throne; He places the inspiration of His command upon whom He wills of His servants to warn of the Day of Meeting.
Allah sends the Revelation to warn His Servants of the Day of Mutual Meeting
Allah tells us of His might and pride, and that His Mighty Throne is raised above
رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ ذُو الْعَرْشِ
(He is Allah) Owner of high ranks and degrees, the Owner of the Throne.
Allah tells us of His might and pride, and that His Mighty Throne is raised above all of His creation like a roof.
This is like the Ayah:
مِّنَ اللَّهِ ذِي الْمَعَارِجِ
تَعْرُجُ الْمَلَـيِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ إِلَيْهِ فِى يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ
From Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent. The angels and the Ruh (Jibril) ascend to Him in a Day the measure whereof is fifty thousand years. (70:3-4)
If Allah wills, we will discuss below which is the most correct view the distance between the Throne and the seventh earth according to a group of earlier and later scholars. More than one scholar said that the Throne is made of red rubies. The width between two corners of it is the distance of a fifty thousand year long journey and its height above the seventh earth is the distance of a fifty thousand years long journey.
يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَاء مِنْ عِبَادِهِ
He sends the revelation of His command to any of His servants He wills,
This is like the Ayat:
يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـيِكَةَ بِالْرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَأءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُواْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَـهَ إِلَا أَنَاْ فَاتَّقُونِ
He sends down the angels with the Ruh (revelation) of His command to whom of His servants He wills (saying):”Warn mankind that none has the right to be worshipped but I, so have Taqwa of Me.” (16:2)
and,
وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ
نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الاٌّمِينُ
عَلَى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ
And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exits, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril) has brought down Upon your heart that you may be (one) of the warners. (26:192-194)
Allah says:
لِيُنذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلَقِ
that he may warn (men) of the Day of Mutual Meeting.
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said:
“The Day of Mutual Meeting is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection, of which Allah warns His servants.”
That is the Day when everyone will find out about his deeds, good and bad
40:16
یَوۡمَ ہُمۡ بٰرِزُوۡنَ ۬ۚ لَا یَخۡفٰی عَلَی اللّٰہِ مِنۡہُمۡ شَیۡءٌ ؕ لِمَنِ الۡمُلۡکُ الۡیَوۡمَ ؕ لِلّٰہِ الۡوَاحِدِ الۡقَہَّارِ ﴿۱۶﴾
The Day they come forth nothing concerning them will be concealed from Allah . To whom belongs [all] sovereignty this Day? To Allah, the One, the Prevailing.
يَوْمَ هُم بَارِزُونَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ
The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah.
means, they will all appear in the open, with nothing to give them shelter or shade, or cover them. Allah says:
يَوْمَ هُم بَارِزُونَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ
(The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah).
meaning, everything will be equally known to Him.
لِّمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ لِلَّهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ
Whose is the kingdom this Day It is Allah’s, the One, the Irresistible!
We have already mentioned the Hadith of Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah will roll up the heavens and the earth in His Hand and will say,
أَنَا الْمَلِكُ أَنَا الْجَبَّارُ أَنَا الْمُتَكَبِّرُ أَيْنَ مُلُوكُ الاَْرْضِ أَيْنَ الْجَبَّارُونَ أَيْنَ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ
“I am the King, I am the Compeller, I am the Proud, where are the kings of the earth? Where are the tyrants? Where are the proud?”
In the Hadith about the Trumpet, it says that Allah will take the souls of all of His creatures, and there will be none left but Him Alone, with no partner or associate. Then He will say,
“Whose is the kingdom today” three times,
and He will answer Himself by saying,
لِلَّهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّار
(It is Allah’s, the One, the Irresistible!)
meaning, He is the Only One Who has subjugated all things.
الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ لَا ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
40:17
اَلۡیَوۡمَ تُجۡزٰی کُلُّ نَفۡسٍۭ بِمَا کَسَبَتۡ ؕ لَا ظُلۡمَ الۡیَوۡمَ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ سَرِیۡعُ الۡحِسَابِ ﴿۱۷﴾
This Day every soul will be recompensed for what it earned. No injustice today! Indeed, Allah is swift in account.
This Day shall every person be recompensed for what he earned. This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody). Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.
Here Allah tells us of His justice when He judges between His creation; He does not do even a speck of dust’s weight of injustice, whether it be for good or for evil. For every good deed He gives a tenfold reward and for every bad deed He gives recompense of one bad deed. Allah says:
لَاا ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ
(This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody)).
It was reported in Sahih Muslim from Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah said that Allah said:
يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلى نَفْسِي وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرَّمًا فَلَا تَظَالَمُوا
إلى أن
قال يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ أُحْصِيهَا عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ أُوَفِّيكُمْ إِيَّاهَا فَمَنْ وَجَدَ خَيْرًا فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى وَمَنْ وَجَدَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَلَ يَلُومَنَّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَه
“O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself, and made it unlawful for you, so do not commit injustice to one another”
up to:
“O My servants, these are your deeds, I record them for you then I will recompense you for them. Whoever finds something good, let him give praise to Allah, and whoever finds something other than that, let him blame no one but himself.”
إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.
means, He will bring all His creation to account as if He is bringing just one person to account.
This is like the Ayah:
مَّا خَلْقُكُمْ وَلَا بَعْثُكُمْ إِلاَّ كَنَفْسٍ وَحِدَةٍ
The creation of you all and the resurrection of you all are only as a single person, (31:28)
وَمَأ أَمْرُنَأ إِلاَّ وَحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍ بِالْبَصَرِ
And Our commandment is but one as the twinkling of an eye. (54:50
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