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أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1144/And The Kafirs Say-14)
[ * The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two].:-
*The terrible End the Disbelievers will meet on the Day of Resurrection :-
*The disbelievers will say, “This is a difficult Day.”:-]
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Surah:54:Al-Qamar.
Para:27
Ayat:- 1-16
54:1
اِقۡتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَۃُ وَ انۡشَقَّ الۡقَمَرُ ﴿۱﴾
The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two].
The Hour draws near; the cleaving of the Moon
Allah informs,
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder.
Allah informs about the approach of the Last Hour and the imminent end and demise of the world,
أَتَى أَمْرُ اللَّهِ فَلَ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ
The Event ordained by Allah will come to pass, so seek not to hasten it. (16:1),
اقْتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَـبُهُمْ وَهُمْ فِى غَفْلَةٍ مُّعْرِضُونَ
Draws near for mankind their reckoning, while they turn away in heedlessness. (21:1)
Hadiths about the Last Hour
There are several Hadiths with this meaning.
Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Bazzar recorded that Anas said that one day, when the sun was about to set, the Messenger of Allah gave a speech to his Companions, saying,
وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فِيمَا مَضَى مِنْهَا إِلاَّ كَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ يَوْمِكُمْ هذَا فِيمَا مَضَى مِنْه
By He in Whose Hand is my soul! Not much of this world is left compared to what has already passed of it, except as much as what is left in this day of yours compared to what has already passed of it.
Anas said, “We could only see a small part of the setting sun at the time.”
Another Hadith that supports and explains the above Hadith is recorded by Imam Ahmad that Abdullah bin Umar said,
“We were sitting with the Prophet while the sun was rising above Qu`ayqa`an, after `Asr. He said,
مَا أَعْمَارُكُمْ فِي أَعْمَارِ مَنْ مَضَى إِلاَّ كَمَا بَقِيَ مِنَ النَّهَارِ فِيمَا مَضَى
What remains of your time, compared to what has passed, is as long as what remains of this day compared to what has passed of it.”
Imam Ahmad recorded that Sahl bin Sa`d said that he heard the Messenger of Allah say,
بُعِثْتُ أَنَا وَالسَّاعَةُ هكَذَا
I was sent like this with the Last Hour.
and he pointed with his middle and index finger.
The Two Sahihs also recorded this Hadith.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Wahb As-Suwa’i said that the Messenger of Allah said,
بُعِثْتُ أَنَا وَالسَّاعَةُ كَهذِهِ مِنْ هذِهِ إِنْ كَادَتْ لَتَسْبِقُنِي
I was sent just before the Last Hour, like the distance between this and this; the latter almost overtook the former.
Al-A`mash joined between his index and middle fingers while narrating this Hadith.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Al-Awzai said that Ismail bin Ubaydullah said,
“Anas bin Malik went to Al-Walid bin Abdul-Malik who asked him about what he heard from the Messenger of Allah about the Last Hour.
Anas said, `I heard the Messenger of Allah say,
أَنْتُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ كَهَاتَيْن
You and the Last Hour are as close as these two (fingers).”‘
Only Imam Ahmad collected this Hadith.
There is proof to support these Hadiths in the Sahih listing, Al-Hashir (literally the Gatherer), among the names of the Messenger of Allah; he is the first to be gathered, and all people will be gathered thereafter (for the Day of Judgement).
Allah’s statement,
وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
and the moon has been cleft asunder.
It occurred during the time of Allah’s Messenger, according to the authentic Mutawatir Hadiths the scholars agree that the moon was cleft asunder during the lifetime of the Prophet, and it was among the clear miracles that Allah gave him. Hadiths mentioning that the Moon was split
The Narration of Anas bin Malik
Imam Ahmad recorded that Anas bin Malik said,
“The people of Makkah asked the Prophet for a miracle and the moon was split into two parts in Makkah.
Allah said,
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder.”
Muslim also collected this Hadith.
Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas bin Malik said,
“The people of Makkah asked the Messenger of Allah to produce a miracle, and he showed them the splitting of the moon into two parts, until they saw (the mount of) Hira’ between them.”
This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs with various chains of narration.
The Narration of Jubayr bin Mut`im
Imam Ahmad recorded that Jubayr bin Mut`im said,
“The moon was split into two pieces during the time of Allah’s Prophet; a part of the moon was over one mountain and another part over another mountain. So they said, `Muhammad has taken us by his magic.’
They then said, `If he was able to take us by magic, he will not be able to do so with all people.”‘
Only Imam Ahmad recorded this Hadith with this chain of narration.
Al-Bayhaqi used another chain of narration in a similar Hadith he collected in Ad-Dala’il.
The Narration of `Abdullah bin `Abbas
Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn Abbas said,
“The moon was split during the time of the Prophet.”
Al-Bukhari and Muslim collected this Hadith.
Ibn Jarir recorded that Ibn Abbas commented on Allah’s saying:
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
وَإِن يَرَوْا ايَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَيَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُّسْتَمِرٌّ
54:2
وَ اِنۡ یَّرَوۡا اٰیَۃً یُّعۡرِضُوۡا وَ یَقُوۡلُوۡا سِحۡرٌ مُّسۡتَمِرٌّ ﴿۲﴾
And if they see a miracle, they turn away and say, “Passing magic.”
The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder. And if they see a sign, they turn away and say:”This is magic, Mustamir.”
This occurred before the Hijrah; the moon was split and they saw it in two parts.”
The Narration of `Abdullah bin `Umar Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr
Al-Bayhaqi recorded that Abdullah bin Umar commented on Allah’s statement:
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder.
“This occurred during the time of Allah’s Messenger; the moon was split in two parts. A part of it was before the mount and a part on the other side.
The Prophet said,
اللْهُمَّ اشْهَد
O Allah! Be witness.”
This is the narration that Muslim and At-Tirmidhi collected.
At-Tirmidhi said, “Hasan Sahih.”
The Narration of `Abdullah bin Mas`ud
Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said,
“The moon was split in two parts during the time of Allah’s Messenger, and they saw its two parts. Allah’s Messenger said,
اشْهَدُوا
(Be witnesses.”
Al-Bukhari and Muslim collected this Hadith.
Ibn Jarir recorded that Abdullah (Ibn Mas`ud) said,
“I saw the mountain between the two parts of the moon when it was split.”
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abdullah said,
“The moon was split during the time of Allah’s Messenger and I saw the mount between its two parts.”
The Stubbornness of the idolators
Allah said,
وَإِن يَرَوْا ايَةً
And if they see an Ayah,
if they see proof, evidence and a sign,
يُعْرِضُوا
they turn away,
they do not believe in it. Rather, they turn away from it, abandoning it behind their backs,
وَيَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُّسْتَمِرٌّ
and say:”This is magic, Mustamir.”
They say, `the sign that we saw was magic, which was cast on us.’
Mustamir, means, `will soon go away’, according to Mujahid, Qatadah and several others.
The Quraysh said that the cleaving of the moon was false and will soon diminish and fade away
54:3
وَ کَذَّبُوۡا وَ اتَّبَعُوۡۤا اَہۡوَآءَہُمۡ وَ کُلُّ اَمۡرٍ مُّسۡتَقِرٌّ ﴿۳﴾
And they denied and followed their inclinations. But for every matter is a [time of] settlement.
وَكَذَّبُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا أَهْوَاءهُمْ
They denied and followed their own lusts.,
they rejected the truth when it came to them, following the ignorance and foolishness that their lusts and desires called them to.
Allah’s statement,
وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُّسْتَقِرٌّ
And every matter will be settled.
means, the good deeds will take their doers to all that is good and righteous, and similarly evil deeds will take their doers to all that is evil, according to Qatadah, while Ibn Jurayj said, “will settle according to its people.”
Mujahid commented on the meaning of,
وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُّسْتَقِرٌّ
(And every matter will be settled). by saying,
“On the Day of Resurrection.”
Allah’s statement
54:4
وَ لَقَدۡ جَآءَہُمۡ مِّنَ الۡاَنۡۢبَآءِ مَا فِیۡہِ مُزۡدَجَرٌ ۙ﴿۴﴾
And there has already come to them of information that in which there is deterrence –
وَلَقَدْ جَاءهُم مِّنَ الاَْنبَاء
And indeed there has come to them news;
in this Qur’an, there has come to them the news of the earlier nations that disbelieved in their Messengers and the torment, punishment and affliction that befell them,
مَا فِيهِ مُزْدَجَرٌ
wherein there is Muzdajar,
wherein there are warnings and lessons to stop them from idolatry and persisting in denial
54:5
حِکۡمَۃٌۢ بَالِغَۃٌ فَمَا تُغۡنِ النُّذُرُ ۙ﴿۵﴾
Extensive wisdom – but warning does not avail [them].
حِكْمَةٌ بَالِغَةٌ
Perfect wisdom,
in that Allah guides whomever He wills and misguides whomever He wills,
فَمَا تُغْنِ النُّذُرُ
but warners benefit them not.
but the preaching of warnings does not benefit those upon whom Allah has written misery and sealed their hearts. Who can guide such people after Allah?
This Ayah is similar to Allah’s statements,
قُلْ فَلِلَّهِ الْحُجَّةُ الْبَـلِغَةُ فَلَوْ شَأءَ لَهَدَاكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Say:”With Allah is the perfect proof and argument; had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you all.” (6:149)
and,
وَمَا تُغْنِى الايَـتُ وَالنُّذُرُ عَن قَوْمٍ لاَّ يُوْمِنُونَ
But neither Ayat nor warners benefit those who believe not. (10:101
54:6
فَتَوَلَّ عَنۡہُمۡ ۘ یَوۡمَ یَدۡعُ الدَّاعِ اِلٰی شَیۡءٍ نُّکُرٍ ۙ﴿۶﴾
So leave them, [O Muhammad]. The Day the Caller calls to something forbidding,
The terrible End the Disbelievers will meet on the Day of Resurrection
Allah the Exalted says,
فَتَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ
So withdraw from them.
Allah the Exalted says, `O Muhammad, turn away from these people who, when they witness a miracle, they deny it and say that this is continuous magic.’ Turn away from them and wait until,
يَوْمَ يَدْعُ الدَّاعِ إِلَى شَيْءٍ نُّكُرٍ
The Day that the caller will call (them) to a terrible thing.
to the Recompense and the afflictions, horrors and tremendous hardships that it brings forth
54:7
خُشَّعًا اَبۡصَارُہُمۡ یَخۡرُجُوۡنَ مِنَ الۡاَجۡدَاثِ کَاَنَّہُمۡ جَرَادٌ مُّنۡتَشِرٌ ۙ﴿۷﴾
Their eyes humbled, they will emerge from the graves as if they were locusts spreading,
خُشَّعًا أَبْصَارُهُمْ
with humbled eyes,
their eyes will be covered with disgrace,
يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ الاَْجْدَاثِ كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ
they will come forth from (their) graves as if they were locusts spread abroad.
They will gather towards the area of Reckoning in such haste and crowds, in response to the caller, as if they were crowds of locusts spreading all about.
Allah said
54:8
مُّہۡطِعِیۡنَ اِلَی الدَّاعِ ؕ یَقُوۡلُ الۡکٰفِرُوۡنَ ہٰذَا یَوۡمٌ عَسِرٌ ﴿۸﴾
Racing ahead toward the Caller. The disbelievers will say, “This is a difficult Day.”
مُّهْطِعِينَ
Hastening, (meaing hurriedly),
إِلَى الدَّاعِ
towards the caller.
without being able to hesitate or slow down,
يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُونَ هَذَا يَوْمٌ عَسِرٌ
The disbelievers will say:”This is a hard Day.”,
meaing, `this is a hard, terrible, horrifying and distressful Day,’
فَذَلِكَ يَوْمَيِذٍ يَوْمٌ عَسِيرٌ
عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ غَيْرُ يَسِيرٍ
Truly, that Day will be a Hard Day — far from easy for the disbelievers. (74:9-10)
54:9
کَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَہُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوۡحٍ فَکَذَّبُوۡا عَبۡدَنَا وَ قَالُوۡا مَجۡنُوۡنٌ وَّ ازۡدُجِرَ ﴿۹﴾
The people of Noah denied before them, and they denied Our servant and said, “A madman,” and he was repelled.
The Story of the People of Nuh and the Lesson from it
Allah the Exalted said,
كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ
denied before them, (before your people, O Muhammad),
قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُوا عَبْدَنَا
the people of Nuh. They rejected Our servant,
means, they denied him categorically and accused him of madness,
وَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ
and said:”A madman!” Wazdujir.
Mujahid said about Wazdujir:
“He was driven out accused on account of madness.”
It was also said that Wazdujir means,
he was rebuked, deterred, threatened and warned by his people saying:
لَيِنْ لَّمْ تَنْتَهِ ينُوحُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُرْجُومِينَ
“If you do not stop O Nuh, you will be among those who will be stoned.” (26:116)
This was said by Ibn Zayd, and it is sound.
فَدَعَا
رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ
54:10
فَدَعَا رَبَّہٗۤ اَنِّیۡ مَغۡلُوۡبٌ فَانۡتَصِرۡ ﴿۱۰﴾
So he invoked his Lord, “Indeed, I am overpowered, so help.”
Then he invoked his Lord (saying):
“I have been overcome, so help (me)!”
meaning, `I am weak and cannot overcome or resist my people, so help Your religion!’
Allah the Exalted said,
فَفَتَحْنَا أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاء بِمَاء مُّنْهَمِرٍ
54:11
فَفَتَحۡنَاۤ اَبۡوَابَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَآءٍ مُّنۡہَمِرٍ ﴿۫ۖ۱۱﴾
Then We opened the gates of the heaven with rain pouring down
So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir.
As-Suddi said about Munhamir, “It means abundant.
54:12
وَّ فَجَّرۡنَا الۡاَرۡضَ عُیُوۡنًا فَالۡتَقَی الۡمَآءُ عَلٰۤی اَمۡرٍ قَدۡ قُدِرَ ﴿ۚ۱۲﴾
And caused the earth to burst with springs, and the waters met for a matter already predestined.
وَفَجَّرْنَا الاَْرْضَ عُيُونًا
And We caused springs to gush forth from the earth.
means, from every part of the earth, and even ovens in which fire was burning — water and springs gushed forth,
فَالْتَقَى الْمَاء
So, the waters met,
means, of the heaven and the earth,
عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ
for a matter predestined.
Ibn Jurayj reported from Ibn Abbas:
فَفَتَحْنَا أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاء بِمَاء مُّنْهَمِر
(So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir),
“Torrential rain, the only water that fell from the sky before that day and ever since was from clouds. But the sky’s gates were opened on them that day, and therefore, the water that came down was not from clouds. So both the waters (of the earth and the heaven) met according to a matter ordained.”
Allah said,
وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَاتِ أَلْوَاحٍ وَدُسُرٍ
54:13
وَ حَمَلۡنٰہُ عَلٰی ذَاتِ اَلۡوَاحٍ وَّ دُسُرٍ ﴿ۙ۱۳﴾
And We carried him on a [construction of] planks and nails,
And We carried him on a (ship) made of planks and nails (Dusur),
Ibn Abbas, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Qurazi, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said that Dusur means nails.
Ibn Jarir preferred this view.
Allah’s statement
54:14
تَجۡرِیۡ بِاَعۡیُنِنَا ۚ جَزَآءً لِّمَنۡ کَانَ کُفِرَ ﴿۱۴﴾
Sailing under Our observation as reward for he who had been denied.
تَجْرِي بِأَعْيُنِنَا
Floating under Our Eyes,
means, `by Our command and under Our protection and observation,’
جَزَاء لِّمَن كَانَ كُفِرَ
a reward for him who had been rejected!
meaning, as recompense for them because of their disbelief in Allah and as reward for Nuh, peace be upon him.
Allah the Exalted said
54:15
وَ لَقَدۡ تَّرَکۡنٰہَاۤ اٰیَۃً فَہَلۡ مِنۡ مُّدَّکِرٍ ﴿۱۵﴾
And We left it as a sign, so is there any who will remember?
وَلَقَد تَّرَكْنَاهَا ايَةً
And indeed, We have left this as a sign.
Qatadah said,
“Allah left the ship of Nuh intact until the first generation of this Ummah were able to see it.”
However, it appears that the meaning here is that Allah kept ships as a sign. For instance, Allah the Exalted said,
وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمْ أَنَّا حَمَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فِى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ
وَخَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّن مِّثْلِهِ مَا يَرْكَبُونَ
And a sign for them is that We bore their offspring in the laden ship. And We have created for them of the like thereunto, on which they ride. (36:41-42),
إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَا الْمَأءُ حَمَلْنَـكُمْ فِى الْجَارِيَةِ
لِنَجْعَلَهَا لَكُمْ تَذْكِرَةً وَتَعِيَهَأ أُذُنٌ وَعِيَةٌ
Verily, when the water rose beyond its limits, We carried you in the boat. That We might make it an admonition for you and that it might be retained by the retaining ears. (69:11-12)
Allah’s statement here,
فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Then is there any that will remember?
means, `is there any that will receive admonition and reminder.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abdullah bin Mas`ud said,
“The Prophet recited to me,
فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
(Then is there any that will remember)”
Al-Bukhari collected a similar Hadith from Abdullah that he said,
“I recited to the Prophet
فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
(then is there any that will remember) and the Prophet said,
فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
(Then is there any that will remember).”
Allah’s statement,
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
54:16
فَکَیۡفَ کَانَ عَذَابِیۡ وَ نُذُرِ ﴿۱۶﴾
And how [severe] were My punishment and warning.
Then how (terrible) was My torment and My warnings?
means, `how terrible was My torment that I inflicted on those who disbelieved in Me and denied My Messengers, who did not heed to My warnings How was My help that I extended to My Messengers and the revenge exerted on their behalf,