أعوذ باللّٰه من الشيطان الرجيم
بِسْمِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Book#1118)
[Whoever does a good deed – it is for himself; and whoever does evil – it is against the self.:-]
www.motaher21.net
Sura:45:Al-Jaathiya
Para:25
Ayat: –1-15
45:1
حٰمٓ ۚ﴿۱﴾
Ha, Meem.
A Directive to contemplate over Allah’s Ayat
Allah says,
حم
Ha Mim.
تَنزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ
45:2
تَنۡزِیۡلُ الۡکِتٰبِ مِنَ اللّٰہِ الۡعَزِیۡزِ الۡحَکِیۡمِ ﴿۲﴾
The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Wise.
إِنَّ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالاَْرْضِ لَايَاتٍ لِّلْمُوْمِنِينَ
45:3
اِنَّ فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِیۡنَ ؕ﴿۳﴾
Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers.
Verily, in the heavens and the earth are signs for the believers.
وَفِي خَلْقِكُمْ
وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَابَّةٍ ايَاتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ
45:4
وَ فِیۡ خَلۡقِکُمۡ وَ مَا یَبُثُّ مِنۡ دَآبَّۃٍ اٰیٰتٌ لِّقَوۡمٍ یُّوۡقِنُوۡنَ ۙ﴿۴﴾
And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain [in faith].
And in your creation, and what He spread (through the earth) of moving creatures are signs for people who have faith with certainty
45:5
وَ اخۡتِلَافِ الَّیۡلِ وَ النَّہَارِ وَ مَاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰہُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنۡ رِّزۡقٍ فَاَحۡیَا بِہِ الۡاَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِہَا وَ تَصۡرِیۡفِ الرِّیٰحِ اٰیٰتٌ لِّقَوۡمٍ یَّعۡقِلُوۡنَ ﴿۵﴾
And [in] the alternation of night and day and [in] what Allah sends down from the sky of provision and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and [in His] directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.
وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ
وَمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاء مِن رِّزْقٍ
And in the alternation of night and day, and the provision that Allah sends down from the sky,
Allah directs His servants to contemplate His favors and gifts, as well as His great power that is demonstrated by His creating the heavens and the earth and the various types and categories of creatures in them. There are the angels, Jinns, humans, animals, birds, beasts, carnivores, insects and various kinds of sea creatures.
The night and day alternate, each follows the other in succession, never ceasing to come, as decreed. One brings darkness and one brings light. Allah the Exalted also sends down the rain from the clouds when it is most needed. He is calling the rain, `provision’, because it is the resource that produces various provisions,
فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا
and revives therewith the earth after its death,
after it was dry and had no vegetation or life of any kind.
Allah said next,
وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ
and in the turning about of the winds,
sometimes towards the south and sometimes towards the north. Some are easterly winds and some are westerly winds, some bringing sea breezes and some blow from the land, some coming at night and some by day. Some winds bring rain, some cause pollination and some winds just revive the soul, while some others bear no benefit.
ايَاتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ
are signs for a people who understand.
Allah said first
لَاايَاتٍ لِّلْمُوْمِنِينَ
(are signs for the believers),
then
يُوقِنُونَ
(who have faith with certainty),
then
يَعْقِلُونَ
(who understand),
thus ascending from one honorable stage to what is more honorable and higher in grade.
These Ayat are similar to an Ayah in Surah Al-Baqarah,
إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَاخْتِلَـفِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِى تَجْرِى فِى الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَأ أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَأءِ مِن مَّأءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَـحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَأءِ وَالَارْضِ لايَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ
Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water which Allah sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving creatures of all kinds that He has spread therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed signs for people of understanding. (2:164)
45:6
تِلۡکَ اٰیٰتُ اللّٰہِ نَتۡلُوۡہَا عَلَیۡکَ بِالۡحَقِّ ۚ فَبِاَیِّ حَدِیۡثٍۭ بَعۡدَ اللّٰہِ وَ اٰیٰتِہٖ یُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ ﴿۶﴾
These are the verses of Allah which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allah and His verses will they believe?
The Description of the Sinful Liar and His Requital
Allah the Exalted says,
تِلْكَ ايَاتُ اللَّهِ
These are the Ayat of Allah —
in reference to the Qur’an with the proofs and evidences that it contains,
نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِالْحَقِّ
which We recite to you with truth.
for they contain the truth from the Truth (i.e., Allah).
فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَ اللَّهِ وَايَاتِهِ يُوْمِنُونَ
Then in which speech after Allah and His Ayat will they believe?
Therefore, if they do not believe in Allah’s Ayat nor abide by them, what speech after Allah and His Ayat will they then believe in?
Allah said next,
وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ
45:7
وَیۡلٌ لِّکُلِّ اَفَّاکٍ اَثِیۡمٍ ۙ﴿۷﴾
Woe to every sinful liar
Woe to every sinful liar.
who lies in his speech, often swears, who is worthless, commits and utters sinful acts and statements, and disbelieves in Allah’s Ayat,
45:8
یَّسۡمَعُ اٰیٰتِ اللّٰہِ تُتۡلٰی عَلَیۡہِ ثُمَّ یُصِرُّ مُسۡتَکۡبِرًا کَاَنۡ لَّمۡ یَسۡمَعۡہَا ۚ فَبَشِّرۡہُ بِعَذَابٍ اَلِیۡمٍ ﴿۸﴾
Who hears the verses of Allah recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.
يَسْمَعُ ايَاتِ اللَّهِ تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِ
Who hears the Ayat of Allah Tutla (recited) to him,
meaning, being recited to him,
ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسْتَكْبِرًا
yet persists with pride,
i.e. in his disbelief, denial, pride and rebellion,
كَأَن لَّمْ يَسْمَعْهَا
as if he heard them not.
i.e. as if he did not hear them being recited to him,
فَبَشِّرْهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
So announce to him a painful torment!
i.e. convey the news to him that on the Day of Resurrection, he will have a painful, severe torment from Allah.
Allah said
45:9
وَ اِذَا عَلِمَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِنَا شَیۡئَۨا اتَّخَذَہَا ہُزُوًا ؕ اُولٰٓئِکَ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ مُّہِیۡنٌ ؕ﴿۹﴾
And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.
وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ ايَاتِنَا شَيْيًا اتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًا
And when he learns something of Our Ayat, he makes them a jest.
i.e. if he learns anything from the Qur’an, he disbelieves in it and takes it as the subject of jest and ridicule,
أُوْلَيِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ
For such there will be a humiliating torment.
i.e. as recompense for ridiculing the Qur’an and jesting about it.
In the Sahih, Muslim recorded from Abdullah bin Umar that;
the Messenger of Allah prohibited traveling with the Qur’an to enemy lands for fear that the Qur’an might be desecrated by the enemy.
Allah explained the type of torment that these people earn on the Day of Return
45:10
مِنۡ وَّرَآئِہِمۡ جَہَنَّمُ ۚ وَ لَا یُغۡنِیۡ عَنۡہُمۡ مَّا کَسَبُوۡا شَیۡئًا وَّ لَا مَا اتَّخَذُوۡا مِنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰہِ اَوۡلِیَآءَ ۚ وَ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِیۡمٌ ﴿ؕ۱۰﴾
Before them is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allah as allies. And they will have a great punishment.
مِن وَرَايِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ
In front of them there is Hell.
meaning, all those who have these evil characteristics will end up in Hellfire on the Day of Resurrection,
وَلَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُم مَّا كَسَبُوا شَيْيًا
And that which they have earned will be of no profit to them,
i.e. their wealth and children will not avail them,
وَلَا مَا اتَّخَذُوا مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَاء
nor those whom they have taken as protecting friends besides Allah.
i.e. nor will the false gods that they worshipped besides Allah benefit them in the least,
وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ
And theirs will be a great torment.
Allah the Exalted said
45:11
ہٰذَا ہُدًی ۚ وَ الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا بِاٰیٰتِ رَبِّہِمۡ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ مِّنۡ رِّجۡزٍ اَلِیۡمٌ ﴿٪۱۱﴾
This [Qur’an] is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature.
هَذَا هُدًى
This is Huda (guidance).
in reference to the Qur’an,
وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِأيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مَّن رِّجْزٍ أَلِيمٌ
And those who disbelieve in the Ayat of their Lord, for them there is a painful torment of Rijz.
that is agonizing and severe. Allah knows best
45:12
اَللّٰہُ الَّذِیۡ سَخَّرَ لَکُمُ الۡبَحۡرَ لِتَجۡرِیَ الۡفُلۡکُ فِیۡہِ بِاَمۡرِہٖ وَ لِتَبۡتَغُوۡا مِنۡ فَضۡلِہٖ وَ لَعَلَّکُمۡ تَشۡکُرُوۡنَ ﴿ۚ۱۲﴾
It is Allah who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.
The Subjugation of the Sea, etc., is among Allah’s Signs
Allah the Exalted says,
اللَّهُ الَّذِي سخَّرَ لَكُمُ الْبَحْرَ
Allah, it is He Who has subjected to you the sea,
Allah the Exalted mentions some of the favors He gave to His servants, such as subjecting the sea for their service,
لِتَجْرِيَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ
that ships may sail through the sea by His command,
i.e., of Allah the Exalted, Who ordered the sea to carry ships,
وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِن فَضْلِهِ
and that you may seek of His bounty,
i.e. in commercial and business transactions,
وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
and that you may be thankful.
i.e. for earning various provisions brought to you from far away provinces and distant areas through the sea.
Allah the Exalted said
45:13
وَ سَخَّرَ لَکُمۡ مَّا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ جَمِیۡعًا مِّنۡہُ ؕ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوۡمٍ یَّتَفَکَّرُوۡنَ ﴿۱۳﴾
And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth – all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الاَْرْضِ
And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth;
i.e. the stars, the mountains, the seas, the rivers and all that you use for your benefit; these are all from His favor, kindness and bounty.
Allah’s statement next,
جَمِيعًا مِّنْهُ
it is all from Him.
i.e. Alone without partners in giving any of it.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah,
وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْـَرُونَ
And whatever of blessings you have, it is from Allah. Then, when harm touches you unto Him you cry aloud for help. (16:53)
Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn Abbas said about Allah’s statement,
وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الاَْرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِّنْهُ
(And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; it is all from Him.)
“Everything is from Allah, and that is a Name from His Names. So it all comes from Him without rivals to dispute His authority; surely, this fact is completely certain.”
Allah said.
إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَايَاتٍ لَّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
Verily, in it are signs for a people who think deeply.
The Command to be Patient with the Harm of Idolators
Allah’s saying
45:14
قُلۡ لِّلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا یَغۡفِرُوۡا لِلَّذِیۡنَ لَا یَرۡجُوۡنَ اَیَّامَ اللّٰہِ لِیَجۡزِیَ قَوۡمًۢا بِمَا کَانُوۡا یَکۡسِبُوۡنَ ﴿۱۴﴾
Say, [O Muhammad], to those who have believed that they [should] forgive those who expect not the days of Allah so that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn.
قُل لِّلَّذِينَ امَنُوا يَغْفِرُوا لِلَّذِينَ لا يَرْجُون أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ
Say to the believers to forgive those who hope not for the Days of Allah,
means, let the believers forgive the disbelievers and endure the harm that they direct against them.
In the beginning of Islam, Muslims were ordered to observe patience in the face of the oppression of the idolators and the People of the Scriptures so that their hearts may incline towards Islam. However, when the disbelievers persisted in stubbornness, Allah legislated for the believers to fight in Jihad.
Statements of this meaning were collected from Abdullah bin Abbas and Qatadah.
Mujahid said about Allah’s statement,
لاا يَرْجُون أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ
(those who hope not for the Days of Allah),
“They do not appreciate Allah’s favors.”
Allah said,
لِيَجْزِيَ قَوْمًا بِما كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
that He may recompense people, according to what they have earned.
meaning, if the believers forgive the disbelievers in this life, Allah will still punish the disbelievers for their evil in the Hereafter.
Allah’s statement next,
مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَاء فَعَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ
45:15
مَنۡ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفۡسِہٖ ۚ وَ مَنۡ اَسَآءَ فَعَلَیۡہَا ۫ ثُمَّ اِلٰی رَبِّکُمۡ تُرۡجَعُوۡنَ ﴿۱۵﴾
Whoever does a good deed – it is for himself; and whoever does evil – it is against the self. Then to your Lord you will be returned.
Whosoever does a good deed, it is for himself, and whosoever does evil, it is against (himself). Then to your Lord you will be made to return.
meaning, you will all return to Allah on the Day of Resurrection, when you and your actions will be displayed before Him. Then, He will recompense you for your deeds, good for good and evil for evil
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